Carbohydrate-containing nanoparticles as vaccine adjuvants

Zhang, Zhigang; Xia, Ningshao; Zhao, Qinjian

doi:10.1080/14760584.2021.1939688

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Carbohydrate side chains and branches contribute to flexibility leading to enhanced uptake of antigens by antigen-presenting cells. Properties such as simple fabrication, scalability, mucoadhesive property, safety, natural abundance, solubility, availability of chemical moieties for functionalization, and particulate form make α-D-glucans attractive candidates for mucosal adjuvants ( 1 , 20 ). Interestingly, our methodology of two-step chemical modification confers intrinsic mucosal adjuvanticity to Nano-11 nanoparticles and this is the uniqueness of our preparation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-D-glucan-based vaccine adjuvants: Current status and future perspectives

et al. 2022

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used as efficient vaccine antigen-delivery platforms and vaccine adjuvants. Alpha (α)-D-glucans are polysaccharide polymers found in plants, animals, and microbes. Phytoglycogen (PG) is a densely branched dendrimer-like α-D-glucan that forms nanoparticle structures. Two simple chemical modifications of corn-derived PG create positively charged, amphiphilic nanoparticles, known as Nano-11, that stimulate immune responses when used as vaccine adjuvant in a variety of species. Nano-11 is a versatile adjuvant that can be used for alternative routes of vaccination and in combination with other immunostimulatory molecules. This review discusses our current understanding of the mechanism of action of Nano-11 and its future potential applications in animal vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-D-glucan-based vaccine adjuvants: Current status and future perspectives

et al. 2022

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“…There are many new adjuvants currently being investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical trials [ 7 , 20 , 22 , 53 , 54 ]. Many of these new technologies have novel targets in the innate immune system with the goal of boosting adaptive immunity and addressing the aforementioned issues with current adjuvants.…”

Section: Adjuvants With New Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several ongoing and completed clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of carbohydrate adjuvants for infectious disease and cancer, such as chitosan (NCT00806962), β-glucan (NCT04936529), mannan [ 98 ], and crystalline δ-inulin under the trademark Advax TM (NCT05005559) [ 94 ], which have thus far suggested carbohydrate adjuvants can be well-tolerated and effective in humans at the doses necessary to confer an immunological benefit [ 98 , 99 , 100 ]. Carbohydrate PAMPs are also recognized by PRRs other than CLRs [ 54 , 94 , 100 ]. For instance, the previously mentioned saponin QS-21 adjuvant is already licensed for use as part of AS01, but is not known to interact with any CLRs [ 94 ].…”

Section: Adjuvants With New Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Vaccine Adjuvants as Key Tools for Improving Pandemic Preparedness

Pogostin

McHugh

2021

Bioengineering

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Future infectious disease outbreaks are inevitable; therefore, it is critical that we maximize our readiness for these events by preparing effective public health policies and healthcare innovations. Although we do not know the nature of future pathogens, antigen-agnostic platforms have the potential to be broadly useful in the rapid response to an emerging infection—particularly in the case of vaccines. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, recent advances in mRNA engineering have proven paramount in the rapid design and production of effective vaccines. Comparatively, however, the development of new adjuvants capable of enhancing vaccine efficacy has been lagging. Despite massive improvements in our understanding of immunology, fewer than ten adjuvants have been approved for human use in the century since the discovery of the first adjuvant. Modern adjuvants can improve vaccines against future pathogens by reducing cost, improving antigen immunogenicity, and increasing antigen stability. In this perspective, we survey the current state of adjuvant use, highlight potentially impactful preclinical adjuvants, and propose new measures to accelerate adjuvant safety testing and technology sharing to enable the use of “off-the-shelf” adjuvant platforms for rapid vaccine testing and deployment in the face of future pandemics.

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“…β-glucan is another FDA-approved natural polysaccharide of interest for biomedical applications [102]. Particularly, its immunostimulatory properties are appealing for antigen delivery and intensification of the immune response [103]. Moreover, β-glucan can be used as a carrier for targeted drug delivery.…”

Section: Other Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mannan is also a natural polysaccharide endowed with immunomodulatory properties. When used as a vaccine adjuvant, this polymer can enhance the immune response, especially against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [103]. Other promising applications, for which mannan-based delivery systems have been investigated, include glioblastoma therapy [106], alternative medicine in lung cancer [107], and hypolipidemic medication [108].…”

Section: Other Natural Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Nanosystems—A Versatile Delivery Approach

Niculescu

Grumezescu

2021

Materials

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Polymer-based nanoparticles of tailored size, morphology, and surface properties have attracted increasing attention as carriers for drugs, biomolecules, and genes. By protecting the payload from degradation and maintaining sustained and controlled release of the drug, polymeric nanoparticles can reduce drug clearance, increase their cargo’s stability and solubility, prolong its half-life, and ensure optimal concentration at the target site. The inherent immunomodulatory properties of specific polymer nanoparticles, coupled with their drug encapsulation ability, have raised particular interest in vaccine delivery. This paper aims to review current and emerging drug delivery applications of both branched and linear, natural, and synthetic polymer nanostructures, focusing on their role in vaccine development.

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Carbohydrate-containing nanoparticles as vaccine adjuvants

Cited by 14 publications

References 115 publications

Alpha-D-glucan-based vaccine adjuvants: Current status and future perspectives

Alpha-D-glucan-based vaccine adjuvants: Current status and future perspectives

Novel Vaccine Adjuvants as Key Tools for Improving Pandemic Preparedness

Polymer-Based Nanosystems—A Versatile Delivery Approach

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