Biocompatible and bioactive carbon-based nanocomposites
are ingeniously
designed and fabricated with the aim of enhancing drug delivery applicability
in breast cancer treatment. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and multiwalled
carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are utilized as nanocarriers for increasing
penetrability into cells and the loading capacity. What sets our study
apart is the strategic incorporation of the two different complexes
of silver (AgL2) and palladium (PdL2) with the
carboxamide-based ligand C9H7N3OS
(L), which have been synthesized and decorated on nanocarriers alongside
doxorubicin (DOX) for stabilizing DOX by π–π interactions
and hydrogen bonding. Although DOX is a well-known cancer therapy
agent, the efficacy of DOX is hindered owing to drug resistance, poor
internalization, and limited site specificity. Aside from stabilizing
DOX on nanocarriers, our carbon-based nanocarriers are tailored to
act as a precision-guided missile, strategically by adorning with
target-sensitive complexes. Based on the literature, carboxamide ligands
can connect to overexpressed receptors on cancerous cells and inhibit
them from proliferation signaling. Also, the complexes have an antibacterial
activity that can control the infection caused by decreasing white
blood cells and necrosis of cancerous cells. A high-concentration
cytotoxicity assay revealed that decorating PdL2 on a DOX-containing
nanocarrier not only increased cytotoxicity to breast cancerous cell
lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) but also revealed higher cell viability
on a normal cell line (MCF-10A). The drug release screening results
showed that the presence of PdL2 led to 72 h correlate
release behavior in acidic and physiological pH profiles, while the
AgL2‑containing nanocomposite showed an analogue
behavior for just 6 h and the release of DOX continued and after about
100 h hit the top.