Carbon balance of an intensively grazed temperate dairy pasture over four years

Rutledge, Susanna; Mudge, Paul L.; Campbell, DI; Woodward, S.L.; Goodrich, Jordan P.; Wall, Aaron M.; Kirschbaum, Miko U.F.; Schipper, Louis A.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.011

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The other sources of uncertainty of NEP were relatively minor for both pastures. For the IFR pasture, the total NEP uncertainty was comparable to that reported by Rutledge et al (2015) for another dairy pasture in New Zealand, and for the UUW pasture it was comparable to that reported for a nearly C-neutral grassland (Wohlfahrt et al, 2008).…”

Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintysupporting

confidence: 65%

“…In contrast to the SOC stock studies, this does not show a loss of C under the pasture. The same was found for the majority of published EC-based studies on grazed grasslands elsewhere (Soussana et al, 2010;Rutledge et al, 2015). However, none of these included irrigation as a key management practice.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Our approach to treat cattle as exporters of biomass-C and importers of excreta-C differs from other studies of grazed grasslands, where the cattle are considered as part of the ecosystem (Soussana et al, 2007a;Rutledge et al, 2015). The management practices of this dairy ecosystem were well suited to this approach and uncertainty around the spatial distribution of cattle respiration during grazing was avoided.…”

Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3), it had to be excluded from the C budgets to avoid double-counting. This makes it difficult to compare our NEP results directly with the majority of grazed grassland sites, where NEP includes cattle respiration (Soussana et al, 2007a;Rutledge et al 2015). However, the NECB results can still be compared directly.…”

Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, there is only one EC-based data set of the NEP and NECB of an intensively managed dairy pasture in New Zealand (Rutledge et al, 2015). In contrast to the SOC stock studies, this does not show a loss of C under the pasture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon budgets for an irrigated intensively grazed dairy pasture and an unirrigated winter-grazed pasture

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Intensification of pastoral agriculture is occurring rapidly across New Zealand, including increasing use of irrigation and fertiliser application in some regions. While this enables greater gross primary production (GPP) and livestock grazing intensity, the consequences for the net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB) of the pastures are poorly known. Here, we determined the NECB over one year for an irrigated, fertilised and rotationally grazed dairy pasture and a neighbouring unirrigated, unfertilised, wintergrazed pasture. Primary terms in the NECB calculation were: net ecosystem production (NEP), biomass carbon removed by grazing cows and carbon (C) input from their excreta. Annual NEP was measured using the eddy-covariance method. Carbon removal was estimated with plate-meter measurements calibrated against biomass collections, preand post-grazing. Excreta deposition was calculated from animal feed intake. The intensively managed pasture gained C (NECB = 103 ± 42 g C m −2 yr −1 ) but would have been subject to a non-significant C loss if cattle excreta had not been returned to the pasture. The unirrigated pasture was C-neutral (NECB = −13 ± 23 g C m −2 yr −1 ). While annual GPP of the former was almost twice that of the latter (2679 vs. 1372 g C m −2 yr −1 ), ecosystem respiration differed by only 68 % between the two pastures (2271 vs. 1352 g C m −2 yr −1 ). The ratio of GPP to the total annual water input of the irrigated pasture was 37 % greater than that of the unirrigated pasture, i.e. the former used the water input more efficiently than the latter to produce biomass. The NECB results agree qualitatively with those from many other eddy-covariance studies of grazed grasslands, but they seem to be at odds with long-term carbon-stock studies of other New Zealand pastures.

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Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintysupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon Budget Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon budgets for an irrigated intensively grazed dairy pasture and an unirrigated winter-grazed pasture

et al. 2016

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Carbon dynamics and environmental controls of a hilly tea plantation in Southeast China

Pang

Tang

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Tea plantations are widely distributed and continuously expanding across subtropical China in recent years. However, carbon flux exchanges from tea plantation ecosystems are poorly understood at the ecosystem level. In this study, we use the eddy covariance technique to quantify the magnitude and temporal variations of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in tea plantation in Southeast China over four years (2014–2017). The result showed that the tea plantation was a net carbon sink, with an annual NEE that ranged from −182.40 to −301.51 g C/m2, which was a much lower carbon sequestration potential than other ecosystems in subtropical China. Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) explained the highest proportion of the variation in NEE and gross primary productivity (GPP) (for NEE: F = 389.89, p < .01; for GPP: F = 1,018.04, p < .01), and air temperature (Ta) explained the highest proportion of the variation in ecosystem respiration (RE) (F = 13,141.81, p < .01). The strong pruning activity in April not only reduced the carbon absorption capacity but also provided many plant residues for respiration, which switched the tea plantation to a carbon source from April to June. Suppression of NEE at higher air temperatures was due to the decrease in GPP more than the decrease in RE, which indicated that future global warming may transform this subtropical tea plantation from a carbon sink to carbon source.

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Carbon Sequestration in Grassland Soils

Lorenz

Lal

2018

Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Ecosystems

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Carbon balance of an intensively grazed temperate dairy pasture over four years

Cited by 75 publications

References 52 publications

Carbon budgets for an irrigated intensively grazed dairy pasture and an unirrigated winter-grazed pasture

Carbon budgets for an irrigated intensively grazed dairy pasture and an unirrigated winter-grazed pasture

Carbon dynamics and environmental controls of a hilly tea plantation in Southeast China

Carbon Sequestration in Grassland Soils

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