Carbon constrained design of energy infrastructure for new build schemes

Combined analysis of electricity and heat networks

“…In these studies, detailed analysis of heat networks was not conducted. The integration of technical design, greenhouse gas emission analysis and financial analysis for integrated community energy systems was modelled by Rees et al [23][24][25]. In these models the electrical, thermal and gas power flows were calculated independently and linked through generating units.…”

The 20% house – An integrated assessment of options for reducing net carbon emissions from existing UK houses

“…It is possible to use steady state models to investigate the annual energy demands of a building or heating systems [72,73]. However these technique cannot be used to see if a proposed arrangement can cope during the coldest periods on the year or if you want to assess the running hours of auxiliary heating systems this requires a dynamic model with a short time period and thermal storage.…”

Optimal design of CHP systems for housing complexes involving weather and electric market variations

“…Staffell et al [22] proposed a model to reduce the operating and maintenance costs associated to CHP systems. Adam et al [23] used as objective function the minimization of CO 2 emissions and Rees et al [24] considered the infrastructure cost for a distributed generation scheme based on CHP technologies. Previous analysis, as proposed by Åberg et al [25] and Lund and Andersen [26], have explored variations in prices of local energy market.…”