Carbon Electrodes for K-Ion Batteries

Jian, Zelang; Luo, Wei; Ji, Xiulei

doi:10.1021/jacs.5b06809

Cited by 1,701 publications

(1,488 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The positive computed E b for single-atom insertion might mean that higher states of charge are formed during potassiation, i.e., there is phase segregation. The same work found that amorphization significantly improves electrochemical performance, consistent with the calculation [75]. Specifically, the initial part of the voltage capacity curve was at about 1 V, consistent with Figure 3.…”

Section: Insertion Of LI Na K and Mg In Carbon: Effects Due To Ionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Our calculations also showed a significant magnitude of strengthening of insertion energy of Mg and K by amorphization [27], as is also shown in Figure 3, implying the possibility of electrochemical activity after amorphization. Graphite has been shown experimentally to work as an anode in K ion batteries [75]. The positive computed Eb for single-atom insertion might mean that higher states of charge are formed during potassiation, i.e., there is phase segregation.…”

Section: Insertion Of LI Na K and Mg In Carbon: Effects Due To Ionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

2017

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Rational design of active electrode materials is important for the development of advanced lithium and post-lithium batteries. Ab initio modeling can provide mechanistic understanding of the performance of prospective materials and guide design. We review our recent comparative ab initio studies of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum interactions with different phases of several actively experimentally studied electrode materials, including monoelemental materials carbon, silicon, tin, and germanium, oxides TiO 2 and V x O y as well as sulphur-based spinels MS 2 (M = transition metal). These studies are unique in that they provided reliable comparisons, i.e., at the same level of theory and using the same computational parameters, among different materials and among Li, Na, K, Mg, and Al. Specifically, insertion energetics (related to the electrode voltage) and diffusion barriers (related to rate capability), as well as phononic effects, are compared. These studies facilitate identification of phases most suitable as anode or cathode for different types of batteries. We highlight the possibility of increasing the voltage, or enabling electrochemical activity, by amorphization and p-doping, of rational choice of phases of oxides to maximize the insertion potential of Li, Na, K, Mg, Al, as well as of rational choice of the optimum sulfur-based spinel for Mg and Al insertion, based on ab initio calculations. Some methodological issues are also addressed, including construction of effective localized basis sets, applications of Hubbard correction, generation of amorphous structures, and the use of a posteriori dispersion corrections.

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Section: Insertion Of LI Na K and Mg In Carbon: Effects Due To Ionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Insertion Of LI Na K and Mg In Carbon: Effects Due To Ionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

2017

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“…5,23,24 Compared to soft carbon, graphite exhibits a more pronounced capacity fade and lower rate capability, but both deliver high capacities of about 260 mAh g −1 . 23 The use of HC is interesting as the capacity is mostly delivered above 0.1 V, which reduces the risk of K-metal plating. 24 Komaba et al demonstrated that in EC:DEC organic electrolytes KFSI [potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide] is the most appropriate conductive salt in comparison with KClO 4 and KPF 6 due to its higher solubility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Aqueous K-Ion Battery Based on Layered K_0.3MnO₂and Hard Carbon/Carbon Black

Vaalma

Giffin

Buchholz

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

372

335

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Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of negative (a hard carbon/carbon black composite) and positive (K0.3MnO2) active materials for K-ion batteries as well as their combination in a non-aqueous K-ion cell. The hard carbon/carbon black composite can deliver up to 200 mAh g−1 while the layered birnessite K0.3MnO2 delivers up to 136 mAh g−1. The K-ion cell exhibits an interesting and encouraging cycling performance for 100 cycles. These exciting new insights demonstrate the potential of K-ion batteries, which are worth to be further investigated in greater detail.

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“…In addition, K-ion technology would benefit from the fact that graphite can be used on the anode side [3,4] (as in Li ion), which is not the case for Na ion and has seriously limited application of Na-ion technology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

K‐Ion Batteries Based on a P2‐Type K_0.6CoO₂ Cathode

Kim

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

278

192

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perspective, K-ion cells would be a more reasonable choice as a low-cost alternative to Li-ion since K has high natural abundance and a lower standard redox potential than Na (K/K + : −2.9 V and Na/ Na + : −2.7 V vs saturated hydrogen electrode in aqueous media). [1] Indeed, the potential of K/K + was theoretically calculated to be even more negative than that of Li/Li + in propylene carbonate, a well-known battery electrolyte solvent. [2] Experimental demonstration that the standard redox potential of K/K + is lower than that of Li/Li + by ≈0.15 V in ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate (EC/DEC) electrolyte is consistent with this prediction. [3] This interesting feature suggests that KIBs might potentially deliver a higher cell voltage than Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and even LIBs. In addition, K-ion technology would benefit from the fact that graphite can be used on the anode side [3,4] (as in Li ion), which is not the case for Na ion and has seriously limited application of Na-ion technology.Only a few cathode compounds have been reported to date for KIBs, [5][6][7][8][9] with most studies focusing on the development of anodes. [3,4,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] For example, Eftekhari demonstrated that Prussian blue can reversibly store K ions in a nonaqueous electrolyte system. [5] Later, the amorphous phase of FePO 4 as well as organic materials were also suggested as cathodes for KIBs. [6][7][8][9] Recently, K-ion insertion was shown to be possible in K 0.3 MnO 2 , [21] but the low K content of that material requires the use of K metal or pre-potassiated anodes.In this paper, we demonstrate highly reversible cycling of a P2-type K 0.6 CoO 2 cathode, and show implementation of a full cell KIB using a graphite anode. Alkali transition metal oxides with an ordered rock salt structure have been widely studied as promising cathodes for LIBs and NIBs because their layered framework allows topotactic de/intercalation of alkali ions, leading to excellent energy storage properties. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Cyclability and rate capability of K x CoO 2 are shown to be very good, indicating that with further improvements K ion may be an effective technology for large-scale energy storage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of reversible K de/intercalation in P2-type layered K x CoO 2 in the range 0.33 < x < 0.68. This work creates new research opportunities for the development of KIBs as a particularly exciting and promising technology for large-scale energy storage applications. K-ion batteries are a potentially exciting and new energy storage technology that can combine high specific energy, cycle life, and good power capability, all while using abundant potassium resources. The discovery of novel cathodes is a critical step toward realizing K-ion batteries (KIBs). In this work, a layered P2-type K 0.6 CoO 2 cathode is developed and highly reversible K ion intercalation is demonstrated. In situ X-ray diffraction combined with electrochemical titration reveals that P2-type ...

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Carbon Electrodes for K-Ion Batteries

Cited by 1,701 publications

References 30 publications

Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

Non-Aqueous K-Ion Battery Based on Layered K_0.3MnO₂and Hard Carbon/Carbon Black

K‐Ion Batteries Based on a P2‐Type K_0.6CoO₂ Cathode

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Carbon Electrodes for K-Ion Batteries

Cited by 1,701 publications

References 30 publications

Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

Insertion of Mono- vs. Bi- vs. Trivalent Atoms in Prospective Active Electrode Materials for Electrochemical Batteries: An ab Initio Perspective

Non-Aqueous K-Ion Battery Based on Layered K0.3MnO2and Hard Carbon/Carbon Black

K‐Ion Batteries Based on a P2‐Type K0.6CoO2 Cathode

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Product

Resources

About

Non-Aqueous K-Ion Battery Based on Layered K_0.3MnO₂and Hard Carbon/Carbon Black

K‐Ion Batteries Based on a P2‐Type K_0.6CoO₂ Cathode