Carbon Nanofiber Composite With Epdm and Polyimide for High-Temperature Insulation

Singh, Surya Pratap; Guchhait, Prasanta K.; Singha, Nikhil K.; Chaki, T. K.

doi:10.5254/rct.14.86916

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Primarily, EPDM granules are preheated in an oven at 70°C. Compounding of the prevulcanizates was done in a two roll mixing mill with 40 rpm and a shear rate of 1:1.2 at 70°C following the conventional technique . An overall mixing time of 10 minutes was given for ensuring uniform mixing of fiber and additives to the EPDM matrix.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

George

Panda

Biswal

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This work scrutinizes the utilization of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber matrix (EPDM) with an embodiment of aramid fiber for the heat shielding applications in solid rocket motor (SRM). Aramid fibers are aromatic poly-paraphenylene terephthalamide, here deployed are Kevlar fibers (KF). However, the literature that encompasses the thermal and mechanical behavior with the fiber loading is reported nowhere else. The effect of fiber addition on the surface morphology and density was thoroughly studied, and it revealed that the EHSMs were of lower density to act as an efficient payload for the SRM. In this regard, the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, fire behavior, and mechanical properties of the EPDM/KF-based EHSMs were explored. The results revealed that the EHSMs are thermally insulating and thermally stable material with balanced mechanical properties that can engender the thermal and mechanical strains of the rocket motor. Furthermore, other analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy have been exploited to monitor the performance of the char residues of the EHSM to delineate its performance in the fire atmosphere. K E Y W O R D S cone calorimetry, EHSM, Kevlar fiber, SRM, thermal conductivity 1 | INTRODUCTION Thermal protection systems (TPS) grounded on the base of polymeric ablative materials (PAMs) for the safeguard of hypersonic flights in the planetary atmosphere have been probed from the last decades.PAMs are also utilized to endow thermal insulation to the SRMs, which particularly depends on the prerequisite of the application, whether charring or noncharring. 1-3 The high char preservation capable phenolic resins are the foremost manoeuvers typically indentured for solid rocket motors (SRMs). On the other hand, when the charred material undergoes erosion, it necessitates for the fibrous incorporation into the matrix. On these grounds, fibers made of carbon, oxides, asbestos, or glass have been generally employed 4 ; moreover, highly performing organic fibers such as aramid fibers (Kevlar) and polyimide fibers are also used. 4,5 Besides this, micron 6 or nano 7,8 silica is prepended for the elevated ablation rate and char stability and diminished oxidation rate of the residue. Moreover, in the case of flexible insulators that endures for high strain capable applications are met with elastomeric heat shielding materials (EHSMs).Among the various elastomeric materials for SRMs, EPDM is of paramount importance representing an excellent matrix for SRM liners.EPDM holds for superior thermal resistance, reliable mechanical

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

George

Panda

Biswal

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…Hence, elastomers are coupled with additives and inorganic fillers for incorporating specific processing attributes, principally to boost the ablation resistance. 9,67,68 Elastomeric materials such as nitrile rubber, 69 silicone rubber, 70-75 thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), 63,76 and ethylene propylene diene rubber [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] are mostly used for making an insulation casing for rocket motor cases.…”

Section: A Focus On Ehsms For Srmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

George

Panda

Mohanty

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Catastrophic breakdown that occurs during the flight of supersonic vehicles demands more focused research in the insulation of rocket engines. At present, optimization of polymeric ablatives as viable insulation for solid rocket motor casing has a prominent role in the successful mission of rockets. Among polymers, elastomer serves an imperative part. Comprehensive investigations were disclosed, especially in the elastomeric heat shielding materials with various reinforcing agents. In this paper, research progress of mostly used elastomers is reviewed, and a circumstantial understanding about the features of ablation and insulation has been validated. 2-4 Therefore, to protect the vehicle from miserable failure of spacecraft, some design features are added to cope with the aerodynamic heating. 5Thermal protection system (TPS) materials impart heat shield to protect the structure, aerodynamic surface and the payload of missiles, and those vehicles interacting with the hypersonic environment. 6,7 Polymeric ablative materials serve to effect as TPS that defends space vehicles and probes during the atmospheric entry; they are effective to produce passively cooled rocket combustion chambers 8 and to render insulation to the solid rocket motors (SRMs) at high temperature. [9][10][11] Although some nonpolymeric materials such as inorganic polymers/ceramics or metals have been used as ablative TPS, polymeric ablatives represent the most flexible category of ablatives. In contrast to the inorganic polymers, polymer ablatives have more inborn benefits: high-heat shock resistance, lower density, good mechanical strength, and thermal insulation capabilities. 12The broad range of heat shielding materials (HSMs) for rocket motor casing is produced from reinforced thermosets or elastomers. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The most assuring material for the HSM for rocket motors is the elastomers, which can be produced as rubbers, foamed rubbers, or fiber-reinforced composite materials. On the grounds of lightweight, low thermal conductivity, stability in the mechanical and thermal stresses during the operation, elastomeric HSMs (EHSMs) can find relevance in the insulation of SRM casing where thermal insulation is a prime necessity. They do not possess the ability to form cokes without the introduction of special additives due to the linear chain structure of elastomers, thus no solid carbonic residue on thermal decomposition.Also, elastomers have high elongation at break and the capacity to withstand the mechanical and the thermal stresses during the manufacturing and in use. 20This review puts the elastomeric materials as ablative insulators for SRM into frame and would confer the readers the progress that has been attained in developing relatively low surface eroding and ablative insulating systems for SRM. These systems can be used to manufacture variety of ablative TPS systems for rocket motor casing application and would provide an idea regarding the composite system that would behave elastomeric as well as ablative. Scrutini...

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“…Ethylene-propylene-dieneterpolymer (EPDM) is one of the most widel y used and fastest growing synthetic rubbers because of its excellent resistance to heat, oxidation, ozone, weathering, and microbial attack, attributed to the stable and saturated polymer backbone and seals, radiator, electrical insulation, roofing membrane, tubing, belts, and other general-purpose applications, which dominate its impact with regard to various industrial aspects. However, EPDM filled with carbon containing fillers has received relatively lesser attention [144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157]. Enhanced mechanical properties have also been observed in EPDM/ MWCNT rubber composites prepared by solution blending using sonication process [173].…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Filler Incorporated Epdm Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical property investigations on different polymer blends filled with CNT are also reported. EPDM grafted with maleicanhydride on filling with CNF showed in mechanical strength with little compromise of higher density[147]. Dubey and others[148] studied radiation effect on mechanical properties of SBR/EPDM (50:50) blend containing MWNT (0.5-5%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Nanocarbons Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne and Mullin Effects

Srivastava¹,

Mishra²

2018

Preprint

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The reinforcing ability of the fillers results in significant improvements in properties of polymer matrix at extremely low filler loadings compared to conventional fillers. In view of this, present review article describes the different methods used in preparation of different rubber nanocomposites reinforced with nanodimensional individual carbonaceous fillers, such as graphene, expanded graphite, single walled carbon nanotubes, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and graphite oxide, graphene oxide and hybrid fillers consisting combination of individual fillers. This is followed by review of mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, Young modulus, and fracture toughness) and dynamic mechanical properties (glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, melting point) of these rubber nanocomposites. Finally, Payne and Mullin Effects have also been reviewed in rubber filled with different carbon based nanofillers.

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Carbon Nanofiber Composite With Epdm and Polyimide for High-Temperature Insulation

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber‐based heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor: Impact of Kevlar fiber reinforcement on the thermal and mechanical properties

Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective

Hybrid Nanocarbons Reinforced Rubber Nanocomposites: Detailed insights about Mechanical, Dynamical Mechanical Properties, Payne and Mullin Effects

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