Carbon oxides emissions from lithium-ion batteries under thermal runaway from measurements and predictive model

Yang, Yun; Wang, Zhirong; Guo, Pinkun; Chen, Shichen; Bian, Huan; Tong, Xuan; Ni, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.est.2020.101863

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Despite this, there is a benefit in that LT batteries have a higher density than non-lithium-ion batteries. These batteries could be employed in smart grid construction, military and aerospace applications, as well as wind and solar energy storage [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Lithium-ion Battery (Lib)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Current Trends on Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes

et al. 2023

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Presently, the rising concerns about the fossil fuel crisis and ecological deterioration have greatly affected the world economy and hence have attracted attention to the utilization of renewable energies. Among the renewable energy being developed, supercapacitors hold great promise in broad applications such as electric vehicles. Presently, the main challenge facing supercapacitors is the amount of energy stored. This, however, does not satisfy the increasing demand for higher energy storage devices, and therefore, intensive research is being undertaken to overcome the challenges of low energy density. The purpose of this review is to report on solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The review discussed the PVA as a host polymer in SPEs followed by a discussion on the influence of conducting salts. The formation of SPEs as well as the ion transport mechanism in PVA SPEs were discussed. The application and development of PVA-based polymer electrolytes on supercapacitors and other energy storage devices were elucidated. The fundamentals of electrochemical characterization for analyzing the mechanism of supercapacitor applications, such as EIS, LSV and dielectric constant, are highlighted. Similarly, thermodynamic transport models of ions and their mechanism about temperature based on Arrhenius and Vogel–Tammann–Fulcher (VTF) are analyzed. Methods for enhancing the electrochemical performance of PVA-based SPEs were reported. Likely challenges facing the current electrolytes are well discussed. Finally, research directions to overcome the present challenges in producing SPEs are proposed. Therefore, this review is expected to be source material for other researchers concerned with the development of PVA-based SPE material.

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Section: Lithium-ion Battery (Lib)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Current Trends on Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes

et al. 2023

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“…Generally, the smoking gas may include O2, CO2, CO, HF, and other sulfides [28] . CO and CO2 are generated from incomplete combustion of organic combustible [29] , and HF is originated from burning of fluorinated compounds. Moreover, the sulfides are produced during the combustion of vulcanized tires.…”

Section: B Experimental Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis on comprehensive combustion performances of vehicle-level thermal runaway

Cui

Zhou

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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As the growing population of electric vehicles, the increasing fire accidents have drawn much attention both for researcher and society. Unfortunately, the real-conditional thermal runaway is hard to recurrent according to diverse inducements. The comprehensive combustion behaviors for vehicle-level fire accident are still confusing and should be further investigated, and the results will provide guidance on further improvement of vehicle safety or further applicational situation. In this article, a vehicle-level thermal runaway experiment is carried out with a commercial SUV, and multi-information is collected to determine the combustion behavior and fire spreading path including temperature, voltage and gases. The artificial arson is selected as the inducement for simulating the real-conditional accident, and 4 periods on fire burning are divided according to combustion behaviors. An interval of 12 mins before the battery thermal runaway can be observed and provide probability for roadside assistance. Moreover, the safe distance of possible harmful hazards is less than 10 m, and should be warning when designing underground parking. Then, Limited voltage decrease of 10 mV is recognized as early-warning information before battery thermal runaway, and the large voltage jump or characteristic temperature help for diagnostic of thermal runaway. Finally, the established experimental workbench delivers the potential solution for vehicle-level thermal runaway analysis, and can be promoted to other experiments under various inducements. The article highlights the whole process of fire spreading of electric vehicle and help to improve the safety of vehicles according to the results.

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“…Other gases produced in batteries, such as CO and HF, are more toxic than others 26 . In addition, due to the relatively high content of CO 2 , it can be used to predict the thermal runaway of lithium‐ion batteries for the purpose of early warning 27 . Since the generated gas inside the lithium battery contains combustible gas (CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , etc.…”

Section: Lithium‐ion Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 In addition, due to the relatively high content of CO 2 , it can be used to predict the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries for the purpose of early warning. 27 Since the generated gas inside the lithium battery contains combustible gas (CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , etc. ), a combustion-supporting gas (O 2 ), and a high-temperature environment, it fulfills the ignition triangle necessary for combustion.…”

Section: Thermal Hazard Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal safety and thermal management of batteries

Rao

Lyu

et al. 2022

Battery Energy

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Electrochemical energy storage is one of the critical technologies for energy storage, which is important for high-efficiency utilization of renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions. In addition to the higher energy density requirements, safety is also an essential factor for developing electrochemical energy storage technologies. Lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion batteries) are commercialized as power batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) because of their advantages (such as high energy density, long life span, etc.), while for future electrochemical energy storage markets, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) and lithium-air (Li-air) batteries can be promising candidates for high energy density requirements. Therefore, this paper summarizes the present or potential thermal hazard issues of lithium batteries (Li-ion, Li-S, and Li-air batteries).Moreover, the corresponding solutions are proposed to further improve the thermal safety performance of electrochemical energy storage technologies.

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Carbon oxides emissions from lithium-ion batteries under thermal runaway from measurements and predictive model

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

A Review of Current Trends on Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes

A Review of Current Trends on Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes

Experimental analysis on comprehensive combustion performances of vehicle-level thermal runaway

Thermal safety and thermal management of batteries

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