Cardiac mass, blood temperature and ventricular fibrillation: A study of the comparative physiology of the three-toed sloth and the domestic cat

Oliveira, Luis Hermíno A.; Costa, Cristina dos Santos Ribeiro; Huggins, S. E.

doi:10.1016/s0300-9629(80)80027-2

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Honeyman et al recorded invasive pressures from the auricular artery in standing conscious elephants, but did not describe any correction for the vertical difference between the heart and auricular artery potentially leading to underestimation of the arterial pressure at heart level. Furthermore, in some of the studies, where invasive pressures were reported, the measurements were not only performed under general anaesthesia, but blood pressures were measured following thoracotomy, far from a normal physiological state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does mean arterial blood pressure scale with body mass in mammals? Effects of measurement of blood pressure

et al. 2017

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For at least the last 30 years, it has been discussed whether mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) is independent of body mass or whether it increases in accordance with the vertical height between the heart and the brain. The debate has centred on the most appropriate mathematical models for analysing allometric scaling and phylogenetic relationships; there has been previously little focus on evaluating the validity of underlying physiological data. Currently, the 2 most comprehensive scaling analyses are based on data from 47 species of mammals, based on 114 references. We reviewed all available references to determine under which physiological conditions MAP had been recorded. In 44 (38.6%) of the cited references, MAP was measured in anaesthetized animals. Data from conscious animals were reported in 59 (51.8%) of references; of these, 3 (2.6%) were radiotelemetric studies. In 5 species, data were reported from both anaesthetized and conscious animals, and the mean difference in the MAP between these settings was 20 ± 29 mm Hg. From a literature search, we identified MAP measurements performed by radiotelemetry in 11 of the 47 species included in the meta-analyses. A Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of 1 mm Hg with 95% confidence interval (from -35 to 36 mm Hg); that is, the limits of agreement between radiotelemetric studies and studies in restrained animals were double the supposed difference in the MAP between the mouse and elephant. In conclusion, the existing literature does not provide evidence for either a positive or neutral scaling of arterial pressure to body mass across taxa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does mean arterial blood pressure scale with body mass in mammals? Effects of measurement of blood pressure

et al. 2017

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“…Studies on blood pressure in the three-toed sloth cannulated under local anesthesia by the same authors found strikingly high values of 176.8/128.2 mmHg. These values fell substantially after the administration of pentobarbital anesthesia (15), suggesting that endogenous catecholamines might promote the apparent hypertension seen in the unanesthetized sloth. This view was supported by the work of Duarte et al (23), who demonstrated that conscious sloths (Bradypus tridactylus = variegatus) were extremely sensitive to the exogenously administered catecholamines.…”

Section: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A great deal more information has since been obtained on cardiovascular function in the sloth, mainly from the group working at the Federal University of Pernambuco in Recife. Research there (15,16) on Bradypus tridactylus = variegatus, under pentobarbital anesthesia, found heart rates of 91 ± 4.5 bpm and 94.1 ± 3.3 bpm, respectively. Another study (17) demonstrated similar values (91 bpm) in sloths under chloralose anesthesia.…”

Section: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the physiology of two- and three-toed sloths

Gilmore

Da-Costa

Duarte

2000

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Physiological and pharmacological research undertaken on sloths during the past 30 years is comprehensively reviewed. This includes the numerous studies carried out upon the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, anesthesia, blood chemistry, neuromuscular responses, the brain and spinal cord, vision, sleeping and waking, water balance and kidney function and reproduction. Similarities and differences between the physiology of sloths and that of other mammals are discussed in detail.

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“…These mammals have a core body temperature similar to that of marsupials with a normal temperature ranging from 90-1001F (32-37.51C) [Oliveira et al, 1980]. Reports of body temperatures falling below this range for less than 1 hr have been documented without adverse effects.…”

Section: Special Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive health and husbandry of the Bradypodidae

Raines¹

2005

Zoo Biol.

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The Dallas World Aquarium, Dallas, TexasMembers of the Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths) are rarely seen in the zoological setting. To date, minimal published accounts of the medicine and husbandry needs of this family have been documented. It therefore is often presumed that the same techniques of care and handling of the genus Choleopus (two-toed sloths) can be applied; however, these taxa demonstrate substantial differences in natural history despite their phenotypic similarities (Montgomery and Sunquist [1978]; Edmund [1979]; Montgomery et al. [1985]). Historically, three-toed sloths have presented poor maintenance records in captivity, rarely exceeding captive lifespans of more than 1 month. With accommodations for their unique needs, it is a species that can be maintained more successfully in captivity with application of established care techniques from a successful collection. Zoo Biol 24: 557-568, 2005.

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Cardiac mass, blood temperature and ventricular fibrillation: A study of the comparative physiology of the three-toed sloth and the domestic cat

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Does mean arterial blood pressure scale with body mass in mammals? Effects of measurement of blood pressure

Does mean arterial blood pressure scale with body mass in mammals? Effects of measurement of blood pressure

An update on the physiology of two- and three-toed sloths

Captive health and husbandry of the Bradypodidae

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