Carotene Desaturation is Linked to a Respiratory Redox Pathway in <i>Narcissus Pseudonarcissus</i> Chromoplast Membranes

Nievelstein, V.; Vandekerckhove, Joël; Tadros, Monier H.; Lintig, Joharmes V.; Nitschke, Wolfgang; Beyer, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.864_3.x

Cited by 68 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In its unusual dimeric form it is a member ofthe respiratory redox pathway, involved as a redox mediator in influencing the redox state of membrane-bound quinones. Thus it is also involved in influencing the kinetic behavior of phytoene desaturation (Nievelstein et aL, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel, soluble form of phytoene desaturase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus chromoplasts is Hsp70‐complexed and competent for flavinylation, membrane association and enzymatic activation

Al‐Babili

Lintig

Haubruck³

et al. 1996

The Plant Journal

Self Cite

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryA cDNA coding for the carotenoid biosynthetic enzyme phytoene desaturase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus was cloned and the corresponding protein expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus system. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the recombinant protein allowed the detection of soluble and tightly membrane-bound populations of phytoene desaturase in the chromoplasts isolated from petals. The soluble form is enzymatically inactive and a constituent of a larger Hsp 7g-containing protein complex in the stroma, whereas the membrane-bound form is functional. In vitro, the soluble form is able to associate on to/into protein-free liposomal membranes made from chromoplast lipids, thereby gaining activity by binding added flavine adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Once bound to membranes, activated phytoene desaturase works independently of any added FAD, employing membrane-bound electron acceptors. FAD, however, exerts no positive effect on the membrane-association process, its role is confined to enzymatic activation. Although carotenoid accumulation is strongly induced during flower development, only very low concentrations of phytoene desaturase transcripts are detectable, while the corresponding protein accumulates in low, but measurable amounts, appearing in soluble and membrane-bound states. Poet-transcriptional mechanisms contribute significantly to carotenoid accumulation, as do factors determining the enzymatic activity of phytoene desaturase, for example by influencing the redox-state of membrane-bound electron acceptors.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel, soluble form of phytoene desaturase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus chromoplasts is Hsp70‐complexed and competent for flavinylation, membrane association and enzymatic activation

Al‐Babili

Lintig

Haubruck³

et al. 1996

The Plant Journal

Self Cite

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whether IM also participates in the redox reactions involving these cofactors or whether this part of the whole desaturation process is fulfilled by a separate redox protein is not known. In fact, such a redox protein (a NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase) has been described in nonphotosynthetic plastids (Nievelstein et al, 1995). However, in this study, the latter redox protein is assumed to function differently, namely, in a coreduction-like mechanism that could provide the driving force of the desaturation reaction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Mutations in the Arabidopsis Gene IMMUTANS Cause a Variegated Phenotype by Inactivating a Chloroplast Terminal Oxidase Associated with Phytoene Desaturation

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The immutans ( im ) mutant of Arabidopsis shows a variegated phenotype comprising albino and green somatic sectors. We have cloned the IM gene by transposon tagging and show that even stable null alleles give rise to a variegated phenotype. The gene product has amino acid similarity to the mitochondrial alternative oxidase. We show that the IM protein is synthesized as a precursor polypeptide that is imported into chloroplasts and inserted into the thylakoid membrane. The albino sectors of im plants contain reduced levels of carotenoids and increased levels of the carotenoid precursor phytoene. The data presented here are consistent with a role for the IM protein as a cofactor for carotenoid desaturation. The suggested terminal oxidase function of IM appears to be essential to prevent photooxidative damage during early steps of chloroplast formation. We propose a model in which IM function is linked to phytoene desaturation and, possibly, to the respiratory activity of the chloroplast. INTRODUCTIONIn plant cells, plastid differentiation is intimately linked to organogenesis and is affected by both developmental regulatory mechanisms and environmental conditions. The complex mechanisms involved in the phototransformation of the plastids of dark-grown seedlings (etioplasts) to photosynthetically active plastids (chloroplasts) have been described extensively (reviewed in Mullet, 1988;Taylor, 1989;Chory and Susek, 1994). Alternatively, developing grass tissues provide a unique system in which a gradient of developmental stages of cells and plastids (proplastids to chloroplasts) is present (Mullet, 1988;Bilang and Bogorad, 1996; Inada et al., 1996).Mutants visibly impaired in chloroplast differentiation can be selected by their pale green, yellow, or albino color. The chlorophyll-deficient mutant olive of Antirrhinum has this phenotype (Hudson et al., 1993). Not all of these mutants are altered directly in pigment synthesis. Putative functions can be proposed for mutated genes based on the similarity of their coding sequences to known proteins. The Arabidopsis mutant albino3 (Sundberg et al., 1997) is impaired in chloroplast membrane biogenesis, as suggested by amino acid sequence similarity between ALBINO3 and the yeast mitochondrial OXA1 protein involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. The Arabidopsis cla1 mutation (Mandel et al., 1996) identifies an enzyme also present in cyanobacteria. Mutations also have been described that affect the proplastid-tochloroplast transition. The dag mutant from Antirrhinum (Chatterjee et al., 1996) and dcl1 from tomato (Keddie et al., 1996) do not contain chloroplasts but rather plastids resembling nondifferentiated proplastids. These genes together with the PALE CRESS gene from Arabidopsis (Reiter et al., 1994) affect both chloroplast development and leaf architecture.One class of mutations gives rise to variegated plants that have a mutant phenotype in some sectors and a wild-type phenotype in others. The iojap (Han et al., 1992) mutant of maize or the chloroplast mutator in ma...

show abstract

“…The interaction of PDS with the electron transfer chain is unspecific as evidenced by the fact that when expressed in Escherichia coli cells both plant enzymes are able to mechanistically link to the bacterial respiratory redox chains (Mayer et al, 1990;Nievelstein et al, 1995). An analogous situation exists in cyanobacteria where plastoquinol can be oxidized in darkness because the electron transport reactions of photosynthesis and respiration are linked in the same membranes (Sandmann and Malkin, 1984).…”

Section: Involvement Of Orr In the Carotenoid Biosynthetic Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In earlier studies, the involvement of quinones in carotenoid desaturation was demonstrated biochemically (Mayer et al, 1990) and genetically (Norris et al, 1995). It was further discovered that phytoene desaturase activity responded to the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool (Nievelstein et al, 1995). In chloroplasts, PQ oxidoreduction status can be modulated by linear electron transfer and also by one of the two alternative electron pathways operating around photosystem I (PSI; Bukhov and Carpentier, 2004;Johnson, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Orange Ripening Mutant Links Plastid NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase Complex Activity to Central and Specialized Metabolism during Tomato Fruit Maturation

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In higher plants, the plastidial NADH dehydrogenase (Ndh) complex supports nonphotochemical electron fluxes from stromal electron donors to plastoquinones. Ndh functions in chloroplasts are not clearly established; however, its activity was linked to the prevention of the overreduction of stroma, especially under stress conditions. Here, we show by the characterization of Orr Ds , a dominant transposon-tagged tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant deficient in the NDH-M subunit, that this complex is also essential for the fruit ripening process. Alteration to the NDH complex in fruit changed the climacteric, ripening-associated metabolites and transcripts as well as fruit shelf life. Metabolic processes in chromoplasts of ripening tomato fruit were affected in Orr Ds , as mutant fruit were yellow-orange and accumulated substantially less total carotenoids, mainly b-carotene and lutein. The changes in carotenoids were largely influenced by environmental conditions and accompanied by modifications in levels of other fruit antioxidants, namely, flavonoids and tocopherols. In contrast with the pigmentation phenotype in mature mutant fruit, Orr Ds leaves and green fruits did not display a visible phenotype but exhibited reduced Ndh complex quantity and activity. This study therefore paves the way for further studies on the role of electron transport and redox reactions in the regulation of fruit ripening and its associated metabolism.

show abstract

Carotene Desaturation is Linked to a Respiratory Redox Pathway in Narcissus Pseudonarcissus Chromoplast Membranes

Cited by 68 publications

References 30 publications

A novel, soluble form of phytoene desaturase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus chromoplasts is Hsp70‐complexed and competent for flavinylation, membrane association and enzymatic activation

A novel, soluble form of phytoene desaturase from Narcissus pseudonarcissus chromoplasts is Hsp70‐complexed and competent for flavinylation, membrane association and enzymatic activation

Mutations in the Arabidopsis Gene IMMUTANS Cause a Variegated Phenotype by Inactivating a Chloroplast Terminal Oxidase Associated with Phytoene Desaturation

An Orange Ripening Mutant Links Plastid NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase Complex Activity to Central and Specialized Metabolism during Tomato Fruit Maturation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About