Carotenoids, tocopherols and phylloquinone content of 26 green leafy vegetables commonly consumed in Southeast Asia

Lee, Hui Wen; Bi, Xinyan; Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132729

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A recent study on fenugreek foliage recorded 31.2 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol [ 38 ], which is lower than documented in the present study (43.6 µg/g FW).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, Lee et al [ 38 ] analyzed the content of carotenoids and tocopherols in 26 green leafy vegetables, including spinach, moringa, and fenugreek. The β-carotene contents reported in that study from spinach (43 µg/g FW) and moringa (108 µg/g FW) foliage are in agreement with the present study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Lee et al [ 38 ] recorded 183 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol in moringa foliage. Similarly, in our previous study, 173 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol was recorded from moringa (cv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass spectrometry (MS) based quantification has several advantages over UV/Vis detection, including higher sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, the interferences from co-eluting compounds can be avoided in an MS-based analysis [ 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of Nutritionally Vital Bioactive Compounds in Emerging Green Leafy Vegetables: A Comparative Study

Saini

Song

et al. 2022

Foods

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Green leafy vegetables (GLVs), especially lettuce and spinach, are the key source of bioactive antioxidants in a diet. This research compared the contents and composition of lettuce and spinach bioactive compounds with emerging GLVs, moringa and fenugreek. Liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) with single ion monitoring (SIM) was used to examine carotenoids and tocols, while phytosterols were examined using gas chromatography (GC)-MS. Among the studied GLVs, the (all-E)-lutein was the most dominating carotenoid ranging between 31.3 (green/red lettuce)–45.3 % (fenugreek) of total carotenoids, followed by (all-E)-violaxanthin and (all-E)-β-carotene. Surprisingly, (all-E)-β-carotene, a provitamin A carotenoid, was the second most dominating carotenoid in moringa, accounting for 109.2 µg/g fresh weight (FW). Moreover, the significantly highest (p < 0.05; Tukey HSD) contents of total carotenoids (473.3 µg/g FW), α-tocopherol (83.7 µg/g FW), and total phytosterols (206.4 µg/g FW) were recorded in moringa. Therefore, moringa foliage may serve as an affordable source of nutritionally vital constituents in a diet.

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“…A recent study on fenugreek foliage recorded 31.2 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol [ 38 ], which is lower than documented in the present study (43.6 µg/g FW).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Lee et al [ 38 ] recorded 183 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol in moringa foliage. Similarly, in our previous study, 173 µg/g FW of α-tocopherol was recorded from moringa (cv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Profiling of Nutritionally Vital Bioactive Compounds in Emerging Green Leafy Vegetables: A Comparative Study

Saini

Song

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…The investigators suggested that the high rate of α-tocopherol consumption in the presence of phosphor lipids by water-soluble free radicals was due to the enhanced accessibility of α-tocopherol to the site of most incredible oxidative stress ( Wen Lee, Bi, & Jeyakumar Henry, 2022 ). At high temperatures, the tocopherol in edible oil could effectively delay the reaction of oil oxidation, and its loss, transformation, and migration would occur during the process.…”

Section: Natural Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Integrated the embedding delivery system and targeted oxygen scavenger enhances free radical scavenging capacity

2023

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Synergistic integration of deep learning with protein docking in cardiovascular disease treatment strategies

Yakoubi

2024

IUBMB Life

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This research delves into the exploration of the potential of tocopherol‐based nanoemulsion as a therapeutic agent for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through an in‐depth molecular docking analysis. The study focuses on elucidating the molecular interactions between tocopherol and seven key proteins (1O8a, 4YAY, 4DLI, 1HW9, 2YCW, 1BO9 and 1CX2) that play pivotal roles in CVD development. Through rigorous in silico docking investigations, assessment was conducted on the binding affinities, inhibitory potentials and interaction patterns of tocopherol with these target proteins. The findings revealed significant interactions, particularly with 4YAY, displaying a robust binding energy of −6.39 kcal/mol and a promising Ki value of 20.84 μM. Notable interactions were also observed with 1HW9, 4DLI, 2YCW and 1CX2, further indicating tocopherol's potential therapeutic relevance. In contrast, no interaction was observed with 1BO9. Furthermore, an examination of the common residues of 4YAY bound to tocopherol was carried out, highlighting key intermolecular hydrophobic bonds that contribute to the interaction's stability. Tocopherol complies with pharmacokinetics (Lipinski's and Veber's) rules for oral bioavailability and proves safety non‐toxic and non‐carcinogenic. Thus, deep learning‐based protein language models ESM1‐b and ProtT5 were leveraged for input encodings to predict interaction sites between the 4YAY protein and tocopherol. Hence, highly accurate predictions of these critical protein–ligand interactions were achieved. This study not only advances the understanding of these interactions but also highlights deep learning's immense potential in molecular biology and drug discovery. It underscores tocopherol's promise as a cardiovascular disease management candidate, shedding light on its molecular interactions and compatibility with biomolecule‐like characteristics.

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Carotenoids, tocopherols and phylloquinone content of 26 green leafy vegetables commonly consumed in Southeast Asia

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Profiling of Nutritionally Vital Bioactive Compounds in Emerging Green Leafy Vegetables: A Comparative Study

Profiling of Nutritionally Vital Bioactive Compounds in Emerging Green Leafy Vegetables: A Comparative Study

RETRACTED: Integrated the embedding delivery system and targeted oxygen scavenger enhances free radical scavenging capacity

Synergistic integration of deep learning with protein docking in cardiovascular disease treatment strategies

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