Catalytic deoxygenation co-pyrolysis of bamboo wastes and microalgae with biochar catalyst

Chen, Wei; Lim, C. Jim; Xia, Mingwei; Chen, Yingquan; Chen, Xu; Che, Qingfeng; Chen, Hanping

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.149

Cited by 132 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On the contrary, both feedstocks (DB+WWM) in the combined form showed a higher amount of hydrogen and nitrogen and lower carbon content than the chars. This also agrees with other studies which reported the relatively high nitrogen content of microalgae 21,28 . Co-pyrolysis reduced the overall nitrogen concentration in char and CT slightly reduced the nitrogen and hydrogen content than CS.…”

Section: Char Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 93%

Improving the Stability of Wastewater Derived Microalgae Carbon Materials: Products Characterization, and Kinetic Modelling

Ali¹,

Jiříček²,

Mehrabadi³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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<p>Microalgae-derived char contains low stability and heating values with relatively high nitrogen content than lignocellulosic char. This study showed that co-pyrolysis helped improve the overall properties of char than individual pyrolysis of these feedstocks. Two batches of experiments were conducted (a) single step pyrolysis and (b) two-step pyrolysis in the range of highest treatment temperature of 400 – 600 °C. Single step pyrolysed char showed, lower aromaticity, higher yield, ash content and heating values of the char than two-step pyrolysed char. Similarly, ignition temperature and activation energy were higher during combustion by single step pyrolysed char than two-step char. Hence, two-step pyrolysed char is suitable in the energy applications, and low-temperature processing (400 – 500 °C) will result in optimum properties in terms of yield and heating values. </p>

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Section: Char Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 93%

Improving the Stability of Wastewater Derived Microalgae Carbon Materials: Products Characterization, and Kinetic Modelling

Ali¹,

Jiříček²,

Mehrabadi³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Section: Tar Yield Conversion Efficiency and Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of a catalyst, the tar yield is 287.5 g/kg biomass, while with char as a catalyst in the catalytic pyrolysis process, the tar yield is 147.25 g/kg biomass. The tar conversion efficiency is 48.78%, indicating that the char has fair catalytic activity as a catalyst, which is due to its inherent catalytic alkali and alkaline earth metallic, as well as the defected carbon structural units in chars [18]. Moreover, it can be seen intuitively that the Fe-Ni/char catalyst has significantly higher catalytic activity than the char catalyst, and the tar conversion efficiency is significantly increased (84.97 wt.%), which indicates that the Fe-Ni/char catalyst indeed has higher tar catalytic decomposition performances.…”

Section: Tar Yield Conversion Efficiency and Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catalytic pyrolysis is an effective route to improve tar quality, which makes pyrolysis volatiles occur in a series of secondary reactions, and make the heavier component split into light oil and gas, as well as transform the oxygen in tar to CO 2 , CO, and H 2 O through decarboxylation, decarbonylation, and dehydration reactions, respectively [ 18 , 19 ]. In addition, the introduction of a catalyst in the pyrolysis process can reduce the activation energy of the reaction, thereby greatly reducing the required pyrolysis temperature [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass over Char Supported Metals Catalyst: Syngas Production and Tar Decomposition

Cui

Xiao

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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Ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of biomass using char-supported nanoparticles metals (Fe and Ni) catalyst for syngas production and tar decomposition was investigated. The characterizations of fresh Fe-Ni/char catalysts were determined by TGA, SEM–EDS, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and XPS. The results indicated that nanoparticles metal substances (Fe and Ni) successfully impregnated into the char support and increased the thermal stability of Fe-Ni/char. Fe-Ni/char catalyst exhibited relatively superior catalytic performance, where the syngas yield and the molar ratio of H2/CO were 0.91 Nm3/kg biomass and 1.64, respectively. Moreover, the lowest tar yield (43.21 g/kg biomass) and the highest tar catalytic conversion efficiency (84.97 wt.%) were also obtained under the condition of Ni/char. Ultimate analysis and GC–MS were employed to analyze the characterization of tar, and the results indicated that the percentage of aromatic hydrocarbons appreciably increased with the significantly decrease in oxygenated compounds and nitrogenous compounds, especially in Fe-Ni/char catalyst, when compared with no catalyst pyrolysis. After catalytic pyrolysis, XPS was employed to investigate the surface valence states of the characteristic elements in the catalysts. The results indicated that the metallic oxides (MexOy) were reduced to metallic Me0 as active sites for tar catalytic pyrolysis. The main reactions pathway involved during ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of biomass based on char-supported catalyst was proposed. These findings indicate that char has the potential to be used as an efficient and low-cost catalyst toward biomass pyrolysis for syngas production and tar decomposition.

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“…The comparison of oil yield and area needed in each type of biomass that can see in table 1. According to (Chen et al, 2018;Miao et al, 2004), the bio-oil from microalgae has high heat about 1.4 times of biomass from wood, low viscosity, and low density. The biomass from microalgae is more satisfying as fuel than lignocellulosic material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on Yield Product and Characteristics of Bio-oil From Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue

Jamilatun

Elisthatiana

Aini

et al. 2020

EKW

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: Dependence on the use of fossil fuels in Indonesia is still quite high, especially crude oil; if no new energy reserves found, it will disrupt long-term energy availability. Biofuel is a renewable energy source derived from biomass, such as the type of microalgae spirulina platensis (SP). Solid residues from SP extraction still contained high levels of protein and carbohydrates. This solid residue can be processed by pyrolysis to produce bio-oil, water phase, charcoal, and gas. Bio-oil and gas products can use as fuel, charcoal can use for pharmaceutical needs, and the water phase as a chemical can use in food and health. The pyrolysis process carried out in a fixed-bed reactor with temperature ranging from 300-600°C. Heating was carried out by electricity through a nickel wire wrapped outside the reactor. Pyrolysis product in the form of gas condensed in the condenser, the condensate formed measured by weight. Char weight measured after the pyrolysis process completed. At the same time, non-condensable gas calculated by gravity from the initial weight difference of SPR minus liquid weight (bio-oil and water phase) and char. SPR samples were analyzed proximate and ultimate, while bio-oil products examined by the GC-MS method. The experimental results showed that the optimum pyrolysis temperature at 500ºC produced by 18.45% of bio-oil, 20% of the water phase, 32.02 of charcoal, and 29.54% of gas by weight. GC-MS results from bio-oil consisted of ketones, aliphatics, nitrogen, alcohol, acids, while PAHs, phenols, and aromatics not found.Abstrak : Ketergantungan penggunaan bahan bakar fosil di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi terutama minyak mentah, jika tidak ditemukan cadangan energi baru maka akan mengganggu ketersediaan energi jangka panjang. Biofuel adalah salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang berasal dari biomassa seperti jenis mikroalga spirulina platensis (SP). Residu padat dari ekstraksi SP masih mengandung protein dan karbohidrat yang cukup tinggi. Residu padat ini dapat diproses dengan pirolisis untuk menghasilkan bio-minyak, fase air, arang, dan gas. Produk bio-minyak dan gas dapat digunakan untuk bahan bakar, arang dapat digunakan untuk kebutuhan farmasi, dan fase air sebagai bahan kimia dapat digunakan di bidang makanan dan kesehatan. Proses pirolisis dilakukan dalam reaktor fixed-bed dengan suhu 300-600°C. Pemanasan dilakukan dengan listrik melalui kawat nikel yang dibungkus di luar reaktor. Produk pirolisis berupa gas dikondensasi dalam kondensor, kondensat yang terbentuk diukur beratnya. Berat char diukur setelah proses pirolisis selesai, sementara gas yang tidak dapat dikondensasi dihitung beratnya dari perbedaan bobot awal SPR dikurangi bobot cair (bio-oil dan fase air) dan char. Sampel SPR dianalisis proksimat dan ultimat, sedangkan produk bio-minyak dianalisis dengan metode GC-MS. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa suhu optimum pirolisis adalah 500ºC yang menghasilkan bio-oil, water phase, arang, dan gas berturut-turut adalah 18,45; 20; 32,02 dan 29,54 % berat. Hasil GC-MS dari bio-oil terdiri dari keton, alifatik, nitrogen, alkohol dan asam, sedangkan PAH, fenol dan tidak ditemukan.

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Catalytic deoxygenation co-pyrolysis of bamboo wastes and microalgae with biochar catalyst

Cited by 132 publications

References 49 publications

Improving the Stability of Wastewater Derived Microalgae Carbon Materials: Products Characterization, and Kinetic Modelling

Improving the Stability of Wastewater Derived Microalgae Carbon Materials: Products Characterization, and Kinetic Modelling

Insight into the Ex Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass over Char Supported Metals Catalyst: Syngas Production and Tar Decomposition

Effect of Temperature on Yield Product and Characteristics of Bio-oil From Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue

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