Catalytic fast Co-Pyrolysis of sewage sludge−sawdust using mixed metal oxides modified with ZSM-5 catalysts on dual-catalysts for product upgrading

Abstract

Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and sawdust was performed using Py/GC-MS for pyrolytic product upgrades. Metal oxides (NiO and MoO3) and ZSM-5 catalysts had been introduced into single catalytic pyrolysis. The combination of NiO + MoO3 in mixed metal oxides (MMOs) was modified with ZSM-5 under a dual-catalyst with different catalytic layouts. In the pyrolysis process, the metal oxides specifically promoted the formation of phenols, ketones, and furans. ZSM-5 was proven to be more effective in producing aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols and in reducing the oxygenated compounds. The combination of MMOs with ZSM-5 effectively improved product distribution by increasing the production of aromatics and phenols. MMOs promoted the aromatics selectivity of undesirable PAHs (70.5 %), however, the addition of ZSM-5 to MMOs appeared to reduce and inhibit the formation of PAHs by 0.85 %. The highest yield of aromatics was obtained by the layout of the ZSM-5/MMO dual catalysts layout which was 21.6 %. Dual catalysts of MMOs and ZSM-5 in separated layout created promising effects in further Manuscript File increasing the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols compared to the mixture of MMOs modified ZSM-5.

Improved Brønsted to Lewis (B/L) Ratio of Co- and Mo-Impregnated ZSM-5 Catalysts for Palm Oil Conversion to Hydrocarbon-Rich Biofuels

“…Some studies also reported that Ni has a high affinity leading to coke formation [2,6,10]. Haji Morni et al [11] modified the ZSM-5 using nickel (Ni) and molybdenum (Mo) for the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge−sawdust. It was reported that MoO 3 could reduce the aromatic compounds.…”

“…It was reported that MoO 3 could reduce the aromatic compounds. However, incorporating NiO with MoO 3 could massively increase the aromatic compounds, as well as the oxygenated compounds [11]. Botas et al [10] reported that the Mo-modified nanocrystalline ZSM-5 zeolite could increase the aromatic compounds on the catalytic conversion of rapeseed oil.…”

“…Figure 7. Schematic diagram of experimental set up of the continuous catalytic cracking process: (1) Palm oil feedstock tank, (2) gate valve, (3) peristaltic pump, (4) preheater, (5) reactor tube, (6) catalysts packing, (7) glass wool, (8) electric heating furnace as the reactor heater, (9) condenser,(10) gas-liquid separator,(11) gas by-product, (12) liquid fuels product, (13) gas flowmeter, and (14) Nitrogen gas tank.…”