Catalytic performance of dealuminated H–Y zeolite supported bimetallic nanocatalysts in Hydroizomerization of n-hexane and n-heptane

Hanafi, Samia A.; Gobara, Heba M.; Elmelawy, Mamdouh S.; Abo-El-Enein, S.A.; Alkahlawy, A.A.

doi:10.1016/j.ejpe.2014.02.015

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The mean nanoparticles size of Pt particles was confirmed as 8.85 and 6.89 nm for Pt/H-ZSM-5 and Pt/H-MOR, respectively by the impregnation loading method. Previously TEM microgram showed Pt nanoparticles size between 30–70 nm by the impregnation loading method that could be significantly decreased (10–40 nm) by increasing Pt content to 0.6–0.9% . The distribution of particles is the approximately equal size and equal distance that can be obtained by loading with scCO 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previously TEM microgram showed Pt nanoparticles size between 30−70 nm by the impregnation loading method that could be significantly decreased (10−40 nm) by increasing Pt content to 0.6−0.9%. 45 The distribution of particles is the approximately equal size and equal distance that can be obtained by loading with scCO 2 . However, average Pt nanoparticles size was confirmed as 1.84 and 1.38 nm for Pt/ H-MOR and Pt/H-ZSM-5, respectively by scCO 2 method.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂

Al-Rawi

Sher

Hazafa

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The present study investigates the synthesis of novel strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) modified crystalline zeolites including Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) and Mordenite (MOR) utilizing a batchwise ion-exchange method with an appropriate chloride solution of 3 N at pH 7.2 and 50 °C. Modified zeolites (Ba-ZSM-5 and Ba-MOR, Sr-ZSM-5 and Sr-MOR) were coated with an inert metal (Pt) by a novel supercritical CO 2 method using PtMe 2 COD as a precursor for n-hexane hydroisomerization in a microreactor unit at different temperatures (250−325 °C), H 2 /HC ratios of 3, 6, and 9, and a pressure of 5 bar. The acidic and physical features of Pt loaded zeolites were systematically characterized using FT-IR, XRD, BET surface area measurements, TGA, and TEM techniques. It is found that the metal loading in scCO 2 results in more uniform and very small metal nanoparticle (1.37 nm) dispersion with high stability after reduction. It is also revealed that high loading pressure in scCO 2 (280−300 bar) results in higher catalytic activity and surface area. The maximum conversion and selectivity of about 80 and 90% were achieved for n-hexane isomerization at 275 °C and a H 2 /HC ratio of 6 for Pt/Sr-ZSM-5 catalyst. Results reported that Pt loaded over all zeolites (H-MOR, Sr-MOR, Ba-MOR, H-ZSM-5, Ba-ZSM-5, and Sr-ZSM-5) by the scCO 2 method showed the minimum production of cracking products (C 1 −C 5 ) and maximum isomeric products including iso-C 6 isomers (2,2-DMB, 2,3-DMB, 2-MP, and 3-MP). Furthermore, the overall results of the rate of reaction revealed that Pt/Sr-ZSM-5 and Pt/Ba-ZSM-5 catalysts showed a better rate of isomerization (46.44%) and conversion (47%) for n-hexane at 300 °C and a H 2 /HC ratio of 9 with a minimum rate of cracking. However, it is concluded that the small, pored size Pt loaded ZSM-5 zeolite showed the highest catalytical activity compared to large pored MOR zeolite making it of great interest for diesel and gasoline formation in the oil refining industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂

Al-Rawi

Sher

Hazafa

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Nanoscale catalysts have in the recent years been considered as active and stable materials for reactions involving hydrocarbon upgrading into more valuable fuels feedstock . The extension of this approach to F–T reaction can potentially provide an opportunity for enhancing hydrocarbon fuels yield and mitigating catalyst rapid deactivation because of carbonaceous deposits or interaction with water and carbon monoxide as poisons during the reaction.…”

Section: Perspective Of Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste to liquid fuels: potency, progress and challenges

Galadima

Muraza

2015

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYThe valorization of municipal solid waste (MSW) into liquid fuels is a multi-beneficial global option for ensuring environmental and energy sustainability. The paper critically reviewed a wide range of recent literature on the potency, progress, and challenges associated with MSW upgrading into liquid fuels. Concise details on the various upgrading technologies involved such as gasification, pyrolysis, and syngas-to-fuels (i.e., syngas to gasoline and diesel) via a Fischer-Tropsch process were documented. Emphasis was critically given to the recent literature updates. The paper explored the role of heterogeneous catalyst systems in achieving the various processes with special considerations for optimizing fuel yield. Prospective technologies such as plasma gasification and nanoscale catalyst design with potentials to revolutionize the industry were also discussed.

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“…Thus, dealumination that occurred from the framework of the catalyst had a significant effect on the acidity and catalytic performance of zeolites. So, there are burgeoning studies discussed about the dealumination of zeolite. − Generally, extraction of aluminum from the different types of zeolite frameworks such as mordenite (MOR), beta (BEA), and ZSM-5 (MFI) could gave different behaviors of zeolites. − Beta zeolite has a high degree of dealumination followed by mordenite and ZSM-5 for the same number of T-sides in four rings . Aluminum in the structure of beta zeolite is easier to remove due to its higher flexibility compared to mordenite and ZSM-5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Nitrate and Phosphate on Silica Fibrous Beta Zeolite Framework for Enhanced Cyclic and Noncyclic Alkane Isomerization

et al. 2020

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Phosphate and nitrate were loaded on silica BEA (P/HSi@BEA and N/HSi@BEA), which is fibrously protonated by the impregnation method for n-hexane and cyclohexane isomerization. The characterization analysis specified the removal of tetrahedral aluminum atoms in the framework, which was triggered by the existence of phosphate and nitrate groups in the catalyst. The exchanged role of Si(OH)Al to P–OH as active acidic sites in the P/HSi@BEA catalyst reduced its acidic strength, which was confirmed by the FTIR results. Lewis acidic sites of P/HSi@BEA performance are a significant part in the generation of high protonic acid sites, as proven by the in situ ESR study. However, FTIR evacuation and 27Al NMR revealed that the reduction in the amount of extraframework Al (EFAl) is due to its interaction with the nitrate group on the outside of the catalyst surface. The N/HSi@BEA catalyst exhibited high acidic strength because of the existence of more Si(OH)Al, which was initiated during the nitrate-incorporation process. Of significance is that the catalytic performance of n-hexane isomerization in the presence of hydrogen reached 50.3% product isomer yield at 250 °C, which might be ascribed to the presence of P–OH active sites that are responsible for accepting electrons, forming active protonic acid sites. NO3–EFAl interaction induced the formation of Brønsted acid sites, and higher mesopore volume favors the production of cyclohexane isomers up to 48.4% at 250 °C. This fundamental study exhibits that significant interactions given by such phosphate and nitrate groups with the unique silica fibrous BEA support could enhance isomerization, which contributes to the high quality of fuel.

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Catalytic performance of dealuminated H–Y zeolite supported bimetallic nanocatalysts in Hydroizomerization of n-hexane and n-heptane

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂

Waste to liquid fuels: potency, progress and challenges

Influence of Nitrate and Phosphate on Silica Fibrous Beta Zeolite Framework for Enhanced Cyclic and Noncyclic Alkane Isomerization

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Catalytic performance of dealuminated H–Y zeolite supported bimetallic nanocatalysts in Hydroizomerization of n-hexane and n-heptane

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO2

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO2

Waste to liquid fuels: potency, progress and challenges

Influence of Nitrate and Phosphate on Silica Fibrous Beta Zeolite Framework for Enhanced Cyclic and Noncyclic Alkane Isomerization

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Product

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Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂

Catalytic Activity of Pt Loaded Zeolites for Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane Using Supercritical CO₂