Catalytic routes for the conversion of biomass into liquid hydrocarbon transportation fuels

Serrano‐Ruiz, Juan Carlos; Dumesic, James A.

doi:10.1039/c0ee00436g

Cited by 789 publications

(478 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Reactions initiated by a series of well-defined nickel precursors for the model hydrogenolysis of diphenyl ether (Table S2) indicated that Ni(CH 2 TMS) 2 (TMEDA) generated a more active catalyst than Ni(COD) 2 Hydrogenolysis of the electron-neutral diphenyl, di-m-tolyl, and di-p-tolyl ethers formed arenes and phenols in excellent yields with 2−10 mol % of Ni (Table 2, anisyl ether to form anisole (68%) and m-methoxyphenol (66%) ( Table 2, entry 5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…10 The ligandless nickel catalyst reported here was discovered when studying the effects of ligands on the nickel-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers. 10 Initial studies showed that Ni(COD) 2 without added ligand was less reactive than the combination of Ni(COD) 2 and SIPr·HCl for the hydrogenolysis of diphenyl ether (eq 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To gain preliminary insight into the phase and structure of the ligandless catalyst, we conducted hydrogenolysis reactions catalyzed by Ni(COD) 2 and Ni(CH 2 TMS) 2 (TMEDA) with Table 2 for details of the experimental setup. added mercury.…”

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A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

2012

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A heterogeneous nickel catalyst for the selective hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers to arenes and alcohols generated without an added dative ligand is described. The catalyst is formed in situ from the welldefined soluble nickel precursor Ni(COD) 2 or Ni-(CH 2 TMS) 2 (TMEDA) in the presence of a base additive, such as t BuONa. The catalyst selectively cleaves C Ar −O bonds in aryl ether models of lignin without hydrogenation of aromatic rings, and it operates at loadings down to 0.25 mol % at 1 bar of H 2 pressure. The selectivity of this catalyst for electronically varied aryl ethers differs from that of the homogeneous catalyst reported previously, implying that the two catalysts are distinct from each other.

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A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

2012

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“…Firsto fa ll, liquid products can be easily stored and transported, whereas gas products (e.g.,C O, CH 4 )requirecomplexprocessing procedures such as compressing and sealing. [55][56][57] This benefit providedb yl iquid products will open up the prospecto fu tilizingm odulara nd compact CO 2 RR technology to tackle emissions from small CO 2 -emitting sourcess uch as transportation. The second advantage of liquid products is that they can be easily extracted from the electrolyte, unlike the gaseous products,w hich are alwaysa ccompanied by H 2 and excess unreacted CO 2 and requirec ostly sorbents, membranes,a nd cryogenic techniques to achieve separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Hydrocarbon Production from CO₂: Recent Development in Metal‐Based Electrocatalysis

Daiyan

et al. 2017

ChemSusChem

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Rising levels of CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere have attracted considerable interest in technologies capable of CO2 capture, storage and conversion. The electrochemical reduction of CO2 into high‐value liquid organic products could be of vital importance to mitigate this issue. The conversion of CO2 into liquid fuels by using photovoltaic cells, which can readily be integrated in the current infrastructure, will help realize the creation of a sustainable cycle of carbon‐based fuel that will promote zero net CO2 emissions. Despite promising findings, significant challenges still persist that must be circumvented to make the technology profitable for large‐scale utilization. With such possibilities, this Minireview presents the current high‐performing catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to liquid hydrocarbons, address the limitations and unify the current understanding of the different reaction mechanisms. The Minireview also explores current research directions to improve process efficiencies and production rate and discusses the scope of using photo‐assisted electrochemical reduction systems to find stable, highly efficient catalysts that can harvest solar energy directly to convert CO2 into liquid hydrocarbons.

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“…Biomass is our only practical source of renewable carbon, [1] yet there is enough of it to meet the worldwide demand for polymers, agrochemicals and fine chemicals. But notwithstanding the advantages of its rich chemical variety, practical applications of biomass must focus on a few simple and common building blocks [2][3][4]. These so-called 'platform molecules' can then be incorporated into existing processes or form the basis for new processes using current unit operations [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Selective Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Over Ru/ZrO2 Catalysts

et al. 2017

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We studied the catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid over zirconia supported ruthenium catalysts. Four different Ru/ZrO 2 catalysts were prepared by different pre-treatments and using different zirconium supports (ZrO x (OH) 4−2x and ZrO 2 ). Although the final compositions of the catalysts are the same, the pre-treatments strongly affect catalytic activity. Remarkably, one of the catalysts gave >99% yield of γ-valerolactone under mild conditions. This catalyst was also robust, and could be recycled at least four times without any loss in activity or selectivity. The activity is attributed to the presence of small ruthenium particles together with acidic sites on the catalyst.Graphical Abstract Pre-treatment changes the performance for ruthenium nanoparticles on zirconia supports, giving TONs over 3500 in the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone with over 99% yield. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article

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Catalytic routes for the conversion of biomass into liquid hydrocarbon transportation fuels

Cited by 789 publications

References 106 publications

A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

Liquid Hydrocarbon Production from CO₂: Recent Development in Metal‐Based Electrocatalysis

Highly Selective Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Over Ru/ZrO2 Catalysts

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Catalytic routes for the conversion of biomass into liquid hydrocarbon transportation fuels

Cited by 789 publications

References 106 publications

A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

A Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for the Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers without Arene Hydrogenation

Liquid Hydrocarbon Production from CO2: Recent Development in Metal‐Based Electrocatalysis

Highly Selective Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Over Ru/ZrO2 Catalysts

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Liquid Hydrocarbon Production from CO₂: Recent Development in Metal‐Based Electrocatalysis