Causal pathways between impulsiveness, cocaine use consequences, and depression

Abstract

Aims The present study examined whether lifetime cocaine use consequences mediate the relationship between trait impulsiveness and current depression symptoms among regular cocaine users. Methods Regular cocaine users (N = 108) were assessed using: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale subscales (non-planning, attentional, motor sub-scales) to measure trait impulsiveness; a standardized Drug History and Use Questionnaire to measure cocaine use and related consequences; and Beck Depression Inventory to measure current depression symptoms. Results All impulsiveness subscales were positively associated with an earlier age of first cocaine use, a higher degree of current depression symptoms and a greater number of lifetime cocaine use consequences. In three separate simple mediation tests, lifetime cocaine use consequences partially mediated the relationship between each of the impulsiveness subscales (non-planning: R2 = .42; attentional: R2 = .40; motor: R2 = .24) and current depression symptoms. Separate moderated mediation analyses failed to demonstrate an interaction between lifetime cocaine use and cocaine-related consequences predicting depression symptoms for the mediation models. Conclusions Cocaine-related consequences function in a more nuanced manner than just an outcome of impulsiveness or cocaine use, but as a pathway between trait impulsiveness and current depression symptoms.

Hábitos e Preferências de Consumo de Pessoas Diagnosticadas com Depressão

“…Os pacientes viciados em cocaína, por exemplo, que apresentam sintomas de abstinência graves, também apresentam taxas mais altas de sintomas depressivos (Rovaris et al, 2016). Lister et al (2015) apoiam a concepção de que os sintomas depressivos podem resultar no consumo e uso de cocaína ao longo da vida. De forma geral, o uso de drogas ilícitas, com e sem consumo de cannabis, por exemplo, aumenta o risco de depressão, ideação suicida e tentativas de suicídio.…”

Developing a scale of domains of negative consequences of chronic heroin use

“…Third, these domains were created using one battery of items. While the DHUQ has been used in previous studies (Lister et al, 2015; Woodcock et al, 2015a, 2015b), future studies should confirm replicability of these consequence factors and clarify semantic definitions of these factors. Finally, as noted, all heroin use consequence domains were positively correlated.…”

Factors associated with sedative use and misuse among heroin users

“…Lifetime substance use consequences were assessed using a drug-specific checklist (Appendix 2 1 ). Number of negative consequences varied across substances: tobacco (16 items), alcohol (20 items), marijuana (22 items), sedatives (7 items), cocaine (18 items; Lister et al, 2015) and heroin (21 items; Moses et al, 2017; Woodcock et al, 2015). Participants were asked to indicate if they had “ever” or “never” experienced each consequence as a direct result of using that specific substance (e.g., accidental overdose, missed work, financial problems).…”