Cavitation erosion of two NiTi alloys

Richman, R.H.; Rao, Ashwin; Hodgson, Darel E.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(92)90076-k

Cited by 109 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Suzuki [55] and Shida [56] also reported good erosion resistance of NiTi alloys under slurry and water jet conditions. Excellent cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi was reported by Richman [57].…”

Section: Pseudoelasticitymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, Suh and Saka found that there is no simple relationship between stacking fault energy and wear rate [29]. Nitinol alloys also show excellent performance in investigations on cavitation damage due to their capacity to accommodate stress or pressure from bubble collapse [2], [3]. However, the alloy composition and processing treatment determine the phases and crystal structures, which, in turn, affect the cavitation erosion characteristics [30].…”

Section: Prevention Of Cavitation Erosion Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…indicates unusually high resistance to erosion [2], [3]. It appears that their capacity to accommodate stress or pressure arises from pseudoelastic behavior, rather than plastic deformation, thus retarding the initiation of wear damage.…”

Section: Chapter 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Yang

Tieu

Dunne

et al. 2009

Wear

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AcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, I would like to thank my principal supervisor, Professor A. Kiet.Tieu., for providing timely and insightful advice, financial and spiritual support. My supervisor's implicit trust in my research abilities not only allowed me to freely pursue my goals, but also gave me an opportunity to learn how to manage time and allocate resources. Special thanks go to Professor Druce Dunne, for his insightful instruction and for all the generous attention and time he devoted to my research work. Tables Table 5. List of List of Figures AbstractThe objective of this work was to produce near-equiatomic NiTi thin films by filtered arc deposition system (FADS) to improve the cavitation erosion resistance of a steel base working in liquid. First, deposition conditions were optimized in order to obtain near-equiatomic NiTi films. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to measure the composition of films. It was found that both the substrate bias voltage and arc current affect the compositions of as-deposited NiTi films. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the microstructures of Ni-rich, Ti-rich and near-equiatomic films. Their thermal behaviours were tested using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultra micro-indentation system (UMIS) and Romulus scratch testing were used to measure the roughness, hardness and adhesive force of a near-equiatomic thin film.The cavitation erosion resistance of the near-equiatomic NiTi film was assessed using ASTM Test Method G32. It was found that NiTi thin films showed significantly higher cavitation erosion resistance than 316 austenitic stainless steel. The improved cavitation erosion resistance was attributed to the recoverable deformation associated with pseudoelasticity of the NiTi thin film.The effect of substrate temperature on the properties of NiTi thin films was investigated by preheating substrates to different temperatures (130 C, 300 C, 430 C and 600 C). temperature of 600 C was more resistant to cavitation erosion than films deposited at other bias voltages with a similar substrate temperature.The effect of substrate material on the properties of NiTi thin films was investigated by comparing films on mild steel and on austenitic stainless steel. For similar deposition conditions, the NiTi film deposited on mild steel consisted of B2, B19' and R phases, while the NiTi film on stainless steel was dominated by B2 parent phase. This is probably because the lower thermal conductivity of austenitic stainless steel resulted in a higher deposition temperature.The dominance of the B2 phase for deposition with a high substrate temperature, a high bias voltage and the use of stainless steel substrate was not found to be due to Ni-enrichment of the films, but is consistent with stabilization of the parent phase by possible pick-up oxygen and nitrogen from the chamber atmosphere when the deposition temperature is high.The research program successfully pro...

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Section: Pseudoelasticitymentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Prevention Of Cavitation Erosion Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Yang

Tieu

Dunne

et al. 2009

Wear

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“…Disregarding the case of very brittle materials of small impact strength, cavitation erosion is a fatigue process, as it was proved by Richman and Mc Naughton (1990) and Richman et al (1992). Having assumed that in the course of fatigue process the potential barrier lowers down to the cracking level, one may regard the process as probabilistically determined.…”

Section: Physical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

Random multistage input and energy partition approach to the description of cavitation erosion process

Gireń

Steller

2007

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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Cavitation erosion process is analyzed from the point of view of energy consumption in constituent processes of the stochastic nature. Formulation of a new cavitation erosion model is presented. A kinetic approach is applied with due account taken of the random and multistage nature of the process. Mass loss is assumed proportional to the difference of the rates of the energy supply to the surface layer and the energy used for crack closure process (as well as other geometrical/environment processes contributing to retarding the cracks development). The model is thought to be the basis for prediction of cavitation erosion efficiency provided that functions and parameters used in the model are known. In view of the structure of the equations, the values of energy partition coefficients and energy input factor as well as statistical parameters are required. They are suggested to be related to the material parameters. The adequate types of probability functions of the constituent processes are also pointed out. The theoretical curves are adjusted to the experimental ones derived from the International Cavitation Erosion Test (ICET) data with calculations carried out under substantial simplifications. The general idea of the work consists in creating a simplified description of cavitation erosion, having caught the statistical dependence of the material destruction on its mechanical parameters and the loading conditions.

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“…[8][9][10] Under cyclic loading of austenitic NiTi (B2), the impact stresses are absorbed by the stress-induced martensite phase transformation and the phase reverts to the parent B2-phase when the stress is removed. This super-elastic property is responsible for its superior cavitation resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Liquid Impact Erosion in B2‐NiTi and Ti₃Al Based Intermetallic Matrix Composites on Laser Alloyed Ti‐6Al‐4V

et al. 2007

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Ti-6Al-4V is one of the titanium alloys widely used in aerospace, marine and power generation industries due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature properties. A more specific non-aerospace application of this alloy is the use as low-pressure stage (LP) steam turbine blades and which is steadily replacing the use of chromium steels. This replacement is justified by the weight saving of the component and at the same time, the turbine efficiency can also be improved by maximizing the conversion from steam to energy through lengthening the final row of blades. [1,2] However, to cope with the rapidly increasing energy requirement, the turbines need to operate at higher temperatures and speeds which increase the possibility of failure of blades. Liquid impact erosion is one of the major causes of turbine blade failure. As the steam enters from the high pressure or intermediate pressure stage to the last row of LP stage, water droplets condense in the steam flow, become separated and deposited on the concave side of the stator blade. The droplets are then accelerated by the steam flow and strike the convex side of the rotor blades at high speeds close to the rotational speed of the blades. [3] The hydraulic penetration effect of multiple droplet impact and the high pressure shockwaves and lateral jetting associated with the collapse of these droplets will deform the material plastically and initiate material erosion. Protecting the blade surface with erosion resistant coating is one of the feasible solutions to overcome this superficial damage results from liquid impact. Over the years, various processing methods such as high velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF), reactive magnetron sputter ion plating, laser hardening, laser alloying and cladding are effectively adopted to modify the blade surface. [4][5][6][7] Laser alloying and cladding offer the best possibilities to modify the surface with distinct alloy compositions and microstructures without affecting the bulk properties.Nickel titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys exhibit high resistance to corrosion, wear and cavitation. [8][9][10] Under cyclic loading of austenitic NiTi (B2), the impact stresses are absorbed by the stress-induced martensite phase transformation and the phase reverts to the parent B2-phase when the stress is removed. This super-elastic property is responsible for its superior cavitation resistance. Titanium aluminides of TiAl and Ti 3 Al have found widespread applications as high temperature structural materials due to their low densities, high modulus, good creep and oxidation resistance up to 900°C. [11] In addition, the high work hardening ability of these intermetallics provides excellent cavitation resistance. [12] However, the limited room temperature ductility and poor fracture toughness hinder the practical applications of these intermetallics. Recent advances in the development of IMC with reinforcement can overcome these limitations. [13,14] Although the cavitation erosion resistance char...

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Cavitation erosion of two NiTi alloys

Cited by 109 publications

References 5 publications

Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Random multistage input and energy partition approach to the description of cavitation erosion process

Study of Liquid Impact Erosion in B2‐NiTi and Ti₃Al Based Intermetallic Matrix Composites on Laser Alloyed Ti‐6Al‐4V

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Cavitation erosion of two NiTi alloys

Cited by 109 publications

References 5 publications

Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Cavitation erosion resistance of NiTi thin films produced by Filtered Arc Deposition

Random multistage input and energy partition approach to the description of cavitation erosion process

Study of Liquid Impact Erosion in B2‐NiTi and Ti3Al Based Intermetallic Matrix Composites on Laser Alloyed Ti‐6Al‐4V

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Study of Liquid Impact Erosion in B2‐NiTi and Ti₃Al Based Intermetallic Matrix Composites on Laser Alloyed Ti‐6Al‐4V