Cell shape controls terminal differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes.

Watt, Fiona M.; Jordan, P.; O'Neill, C.H.

doi:10.1073/pnas.85.15.5576

Cited by 374 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In general, cells respond to a particular topography in a unique manner [21,28,29]. A few studies have analyzed the gene or protein expression changes of fibroblasts [30,31], hepatocytes [32] and keratinocytes [33] in response to topographical cues, but none on human Schwann cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation

et al. 2008

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Peripheral nerve regeneration can be enhanced by the stimulation of formation of bands of Büngner prior to implantation. Aligned electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers were fabricated to test their potential to provide contact guidance to human Schwann cells. After 7 days of culture, cell cytoskeleton and nuclei were observed to align and elongate along the fiber axes, emulating the structure of bands of Büngner. Microarray analysis revealed a general down-regulation in expression of neurotrophin and neurotrophic receptors in aligned cells as compared to cells seeded on twodimensional PCL film. Real-time-PCR analyses confirmed the up-regulation of early myelination marker, MAG, and the down-regulation of NCAM-1, a marker of immature Schwann cells. Similar gene expression changes were also observed on cells cultured on randomly-oriented PCL electrospun fibers. However, up-regulation of the myelin-specific gene, P0, was observed only on aligned electrospun fibers, suggesting the propensity of aligned fibers in promoting Schwann cell maturation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation

et al. 2008

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“…Interestingly, keratinocyte size correlates with di erentiation in culture and in vivo, so that beyond a certain volume they may initiate the expression of di erentiation markers (Watt and Green, 1981). Moreover, cell shape and the area of cell adhesion to the substrate tightly control keratinocyte di erentiation (Watt et al, 1988;Adams and Watt, 1989). The e ect on cell size elicited by activating c-Myc was evident after 24 h, prior to any stimulation of di erentiation.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Keratinocyte Endoreplication and C-myc Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal and c-Myc-promoted human keratinocyte differentiation both occur via a novel cell cycle involving cellular growth and endoreplication

2000

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The relationship between cell cycle and di erentiation in human keratinocytes is poorly understood. It is believed that keratinocytes suppress DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in G0 before they initiate terminal di erentiation. However, a temporal separation between both events has not been established. Moreover, c-Myc promotes keratinocyte di erentiation without causing cell cycle arrest. To address these paradoxes we have analysed cell cycle control during normal and c-Mycpromoted di erentiation. Continuous activation of c-Myc or initiation of terminal di erentiation results in a block of G2/M, cellular growth, endoreplication and polyploidy. Keratinocytes abandon G1, continue replicating DNA as they di erentiate terminally and become polyploid. In fact, simply blocking mitosis with nocodazole resulted in increased cell size, terminal di erentiation and endoreplication. This indicates that terminal di erentiation associates with defective cell cycle progression and provides a novel insight into c-Myc biology.

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“…13,15 Microarray testing of BMSCs demonstrated that nanofibers induced a pattern of gene expression that was similar to induction of osteogenic differentiation with biochemical supplements, and that both nanofibers and supplements lead to enrichment of genes in the Transforming Growth Factor-b pathway. 13,14,16 There is a strong link between cell shape and cell function, [17][18][19][20] and the dimensional structure of the cell niche may control cell function by influencing threedimensional (3D) shape. [21][22][23] Micropatterned cell adhesive Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofiber scaffolds influence organelle structure and function in bone marrow stromal cells

Tutak

Giri

Bajcsy

et al. 2016

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Tutak, Wojtek; Jyotsnendu, Giri; Bajcsy, Peter; and Simon, Carl G. Jr., "Nanofiber scaffolds influence organelle structure and function in bone marrow stromal cells" (2016 Abstract: Recent work demonstrates that osteoprogenitor cell culture on nanofiber scaffolds can promote differentiation. This response may be driven by changes in cell morphology caused by the three-dimensional (3D) structure of nanofibers. We hypothesized that nanofiber effects on cell behavior may be mediated by changes in organelle structure and function. To test this hypothesis, human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) were cultured on poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers scaffolds and on PCL flat spuncoat films. After 1 dayculture, hBMSCs were stained for actin, nucleus, mitochondria, and peroxisomes, and then imaged using 3D confocal microscopy. Imaging revealed that the hBMSC cell body (actin) and peroxisomal volume were reduced during culture on nanofibers. In addition, the nucleus and peroxisomes occupied a larger fraction of cell volume during culture on nanofibers than on films, suggesting enhancement of the nuclear and peroxisomal functional capacity. Organelles adopted morphologies with greater 3D-character on nanofibers, where the Z-Depth (a measure of cell thickness) was increased. Comparisons of organelle positions indicated that the nucleus, mitochondria, and peroxisomes were closer to the cell center (actin) for nanofibers, suggesting that nanofiber culture induced active organelle positioning. The smaller cell volume and more centralized organelle positioning would reduce the energy cost of inter-organelle vesicular transport during culture on nanofibers. Finally, hBMSC bioassay measurements (DNA, peroxidase, bioreductive potential, lactate, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)) indicated that peroxidase activity may be enhanced during nanofiber culture. These results demonstrate that culture of hBMSCs on nanofibers caused changes in organelle structure and positioning, which may affect organelle functional capacity and transport.

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Cell shape controls terminal differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes.

Cited by 374 publications

References 30 publications

The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation

The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation

Normal and c-Myc-promoted human keratinocyte differentiation both occur via a novel cell cycle involving cellular growth and endoreplication

Nanofiber scaffolds influence organelle structure and function in bone marrow stromal cells

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