Cell SoC Balancing Using a Cascaded Full-Bridge Multilevel Converter in Battery Energy Storage Systems

Chatzinikolaou, Efstratios; Rogers, Daniel

doi:10.1109/tie.2016.2565463

Cited by 91 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Today's solutions are mostly based on existing technologies with little address for battery-specific challenges. Multilevel converter can address challenges of battery systems more specifically, such as low efficiency at partial load as well as SOC balancing [102] and the reliability of serial cell strings [103]. The trend for solar inverter to higher DC voltages from 600 V to 1200 V and today up to 1500 V is also a possibility for the BESS as significant cost reductions for the power electronics are possible.…”

Section: Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

et al. 2017

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Battery energy storage systems have gained increasing interest for serving grid support in various application tasks. In particular, systems based on lithium-ion batteries have evolved rapidly with a wide range of cell technologies and system architectures available on the market. On the application side, different tasks for storage deployment demand distinct properties of the storage system. This review aims to serve as a guideline for best choice of battery technology, system design and operation for lithium-ion based storage systems to match a specific system application. Starting with an overview to lithium-ion battery technologies and their characteristics with respect to performance and aging, the storage system design is analyzed in detail based on an evaluation of real-world projects. Typical storage system applications are grouped and classified with respect to the challenges posed to the battery system. Publicly available modeling tools for technical and economic analysis are presented. A brief analysis of optimization approaches aims to point out challenges and potential solution techniques for system sizing, positioning and dispatch operation. For all areas reviewed herein, expected improvements and possible future developments are highlighted. In order to extract the full potential of stationary battery storage systems and to enable increased profitability of systems, future research should aim to a holistic system level approach combining not only performance tuning on a battery cell level and careful analysis of the application requirements, but also consider a proper selection of storage sub-components as well as an optimized system operation strategy.

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Section: Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

et al. 2017

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“…, the indirect discharging current can be rewritten as (28). The balancing time of SCESS can be expressed as (29).…”

Section: Compared With Charge-type Balancing Topology From the Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some applications, the ESS can work without the additional equalizer and voltage balancing is achieved by the control of a cascaded multilevel converter (CMC) or modular multilevel converter (MMC). The cells or cell units are connected in series by means of a half-bridge or full-bridge multilevel converter to form MMC or CMC, and the voltage balancing is realized by the control of MMC or CMC [24][25][26][27][28]. It is easy to achieve voltage balancing of SCESS with MMC or CMC and each cell can be removed from the current path without interrupting the operation of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modularized Discharge-Type Balancing Topology for Series-Connected Super Capacitor String

et al. 2018

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This paper proposed a modularized discharge-type topology for the voltage balance of series-connected super capacitor (SC) string. The proposed topology consists of cascaded converter modules and a boost converter. The cascaded converter modules discharge the higher voltage SCs directly with the ideal output current to realize a fast balancing speed and the boost converter feedbacks the extra energy from the higher voltage SCs to the super capacitor energy storage system (SCESS). The modular design of the cascaded converter modules makes the balancing system suitable for different voltage levels of SCESS. Unlike the charge-type topologies which discharge the higher voltage SCs indirectly, the proposed topology discharges the higher voltage SCs directly with a big current, and the over voltage phenomenon of SCs is then avoided, which means the reliability of the SCESS can be improved. The voltage stress of the switches inside the cascaded converter modules is low, which is different from the existing modularized discharge-type balancing topology. What is more, the control of cascaded converter modules and the boost converter can be implemented by analog devices which will simplify the control of the whole system. The control degree of freedom is high and the voltage of each cell can be controlled. An in-depth comparison analysis with the charge-type balancing topology is performed from the perspective of balancing speed and round-trip energy efficiency. The proposed topology and the balancing performance are confirmed by experimental results.

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“…Among the SOC estimation techniques, adaptive method especially Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is the most popular and accurate method because of its self-processing characteristics [9]. BMS observes the battery condition by estimating SOC for each cell and transfers the directions via DC/DC converter according to its requirements [10], [11]. In this paper, an active cell balancing topology based on SOC estimation is accomplished standing on BPNN algorithm as well as a DC/DC buck-boost converter is engaged for each cell to observe the charge equilibrium scheme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Cell Balancing Control Method for Series-Connected Lithium-Ion Battery

Qays¹,

Buswig²,

Anyi³

2019

IJITEE

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Power conveyance potentiality for series and parallel allied battery-packages are constrained by the wickedest cell of the string. Every cell contains marginally dissimilar capability and terminal voltage because of industrialized acceptances and functional situations. During charging or discharging progression, the charge status of the cell strings become imbalanced and incline to loss equalization. Therefore, the enthusiasm of this paper is to design an active charge balancing system for Lithium-ion battery pack with the help of online state of charge (SOC) estimation technique. A Battery Management System (BMS) is modeled by means of controlling the SOC of the cells to upsurge the efficacy of rechargeable batteries. The capacity of each cell is calculated by dint of SOC function estimated as a result of Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) algorithm through four switched DC/DC Buck-Boost converter. The simulation results confirm that the designed BMS can synchronize the cell equalization via curtailing the SOC estimation error (RMSE 1.20%) productively.

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Cell SoC Balancing Using a Cascaded Full-Bridge Multilevel Converter in Battery Energy Storage Systems

Cited by 91 publications

References 28 publications

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids

A Modularized Discharge-Type Balancing Topology for Series-Connected Super Capacitor String

Active Cell Balancing Control Method for Series-Connected Lithium-Ion Battery

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