Cellular and metabolic engineering of oleaginous yeastYarrowia lipolyticafor bioconversion of hydrophobic substrates into high‐value products

Abstract

The non‐conventional oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is able to utilize both hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon sources as substrates and convert them into value‐added bioproducts such as organic acids, extracellular proteins, wax esters, long‐chain diacids, fatty acid ethyl esters, carotenoids and omega‐3 fatty acids. Metabolic pathway analysis and previous research results show that hydrophobic substrates are potentially more preferred by Y. lipolytica than hydrophilic substrates to make high‐value products at higher productivity, titer, rate, and yield. Hence, Y. lipolytica is becoming an efficient and promising biomanufacturing platform due to its capabilities in biosynthesis of extracellular lipases and directly converting the extracellular triacylglycerol oils and fats into high‐value products. It is believed that the cell size and morphology of the Y. lipolytica is related to the cell growth, nutrient uptake, and product formation. Dimorphic Y. lipolytica demonstrates the yeast‐to‐hypha transition in response to the extracellular environments and genetic background. Yeast‐to‐hyphal transition regulating genes, such as YlBEM1, YlMHY1 and YlZNC1 and so forth, have been identified to involve as major transcriptional factors that control morphology transition in Y. lipolytica. The connection of the cell polarization including cell cycle and the dimorphic transition with the cell size and morphology in Y. lipolytica adapting to new growth are reviewed and discussed. This review also summarizes the general and advanced genetic tools that are used to build a Y. lipolytica biomanufacturing platform.

An efficient method for production of kynurenic acid by Yarrowia lipolytica

“…The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is able to produce KYNA. It should be pointed out that Y. lipolytica is an unconventional yeast, serving as a biotechnological tool, which can be used for the production of different important compounds such as organic acids (Kamzolova & Morgunov, 2018; Rakicka, Wolniak, Lazar, & Rymowicz, 2019; Rywińska, Juszczyk, Wojtatowicz, & Rymowicz, 2011), polyols (Mirończuk, Biegalska, & Dobrowolski, 2017; Mirończuk, Dobrowolski, Rakicka, Rywińska, & Rymowicz, 2015; Rakicka, Biegalska, Dobrowolski, Rymowicz, & Mirończuk, 2017), biosurfactants (Yalçın, Ergin‐Tepebaşı, & Uyar, 2018), carotenoids (Soong, Liu, Yoon, Lawton, & Xie, 2019), single‐cell oils (Dobrowolski, Mituła, Rymowicz, & Mirończuk, 2016), single‐cell protein (Juszczyk, Rymowicz, Kita, & Rywińska, 2019; Juszczyk, Tomaszewska, Kita, & Rymowicz, 2013) and enzymes (Magdouli, Guedri, Tarek, Brar, & Blais, 2017).…”

Yarrowia lipolytica as an Oleaginous Platform for the Production of Value-Added Fatty Acid-Based Bioproducts

“…Meanwhile, to optimize cell metabolism, such as reducing the negative effects of intermediate accumulation and metabolic perturbations, the dynamic metabolic engineering capable of tuning the cell growth and bioproducts formation is becoming a promising approach to better engineer the host strain (Xu, 2018). Moreover, due to the limits of dimorphic nature, cellular engineering and bioprocess engineering can be used to improve the yield of products at the industrial scale (Soong et al, 2019). Additionally, to reduce the cost of bioprocess, other lowvalue carbon sources, especially single-carbon substrates, will be utilized and converted to valuable fatty acid-based bioproducts by metabolic engineering Y. lipolytica.…”

Sustainable Animal Feed Protein through the Cultivation of YARROWIA Lipolytica on Agro-Industrial Wastes and by-Products

“…In the last five years (2015-2019), many review articles summarizing the main outcomes of this great number of studies have been released. Most reviews focus on the recent advancements concerning the cellular and metabolic engineering of the microorganism either to produce non-native high-value products [17,20,[28][29][30][31][32] or to increase/improve the productivity and yield of conventional products (e.g., citric acid, bio-lipids etc.) [13,19,[33][34][35][36][37][38].…”