Cellular events in the mechanisms of prosthesis loosening

Inflammatory Response to Metals and Ceramics

“…Neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, lymphoid follicles, and mono-and multinuclear histiocytes are recognized according to their morphology . Around orthopedic prostheses wear particle are observed and the extent of wear is correlated to cellular events (Pizzoferrato et al, 1991). Furthermore, immunotoxicity is also connected to the condition of the lymph nodes near the prosthesis.…”

From natural bone grafts to tissue engineering therapeutics: Brainstorming on pharmaceutical formulative requirements and challenges

“…However, time course of healing will be influenced by: interactions between blood and other signaling molecules with graft surfaces, 109-111 degradation products that are released from the graft, 113,114,117,122,123,[127][128][129] and mechanical phenomena such as wear [130][131][132][133][134] and micromotion. [130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137] These events may potentially trigger undesired host reactions such as: induction of a chronic inflammation at implant site, 138-140 deleterious immunological reactions supported by the activation of complement and/or cellular and humoral responses mediated by antigen-presenting cells (APC), 138-140 induction of connective tissue or fibrocartilage production, 141,142 induction of bone resorption in case of debris/particulate release from graft. 122,123,[143][144][145][146][147] (iv) Systemic effects.…”

Cytotoxic effect of bone cements in HL-60 cells: Distinction between apoptosis and necrosis

“…17 The loosening phenomena at the cement/bone interface may be due to resorption induced by cytotoxic or inflammatory reactions, as described by Papatheofanis et al 18 Bone cements are being studied in our lab for their possible role in loosening phenomena 19 and different experimental protocols have been applied to verify cell/ PMMA interactions. 20,21 A recent study has addressed the question of immunotoxicity of cements: three cements have been found to trigger apoptosis with human lymphocytes through a gene-regulated process.…”