Cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae

Abstract

Sari SLA, Pangastuti A, Susilowati A, Purwoko Tj, Mahajoeno E, Hidayat W, Mardhena I, Panuntun DF, Kurniawati D, Anitasari R. 2016. Cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. Biodiversitas 17: 78-83. Lignocellulose is very potential as raw material for biofuel production because it is cheap, abundant and renewable. The main carbohydrate constituents of lignocellulosic material are cellulose and hemicelluloses (a group of heteropolymers that includes xylans and mannans). The most important process in bioethanol production from lignocellulose is the bioconversion of polysaccharides into fermentable sugar. Enzymatic hydrolysis has been developed because it is the more environmentally approach. Since the cost of hydrolytic enzyme production is the major problem of the process, many type of research has been focused on lowering the cost of enzyme production, including screening for organisms with a novel enzyme. This present study was conducted to isolate and screen of the cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic Bacteria from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros L. larvae. The 3 rd instars were used in this research. The research succeeded to isolate 11 bacterial isolates from the gut of O. rhinoceros larvae. The screening result demonstrated that bacterial isolates had cellulolytic (63.6% of total isolates), xylanolytic (72.7% of total isolates), and mannanolytic (100% of total isolates) activity. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence, 10 isolates were classified into Bacillus and only 1 isolate was classified into Citrobacter. The GOR2 which was closely related to Bacillus pumilus vit bac1 has the highest cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities. The isolate with the highest mannanolytic activity was the GOR7 which was closely related to Bacillus aryabhattai strain IHB B 6821.

Larvicidal efficacy of Adiantobischrysene from Adiantum latifolium against Oryctes rhinoceros through disrupting metamorphosis and impeding microbial mediated digestion

“…The presence of these bacteria in many organisms and their cellulolytic activity have been reported previously. B. cereus has been reported from the gut of O. rhinoceros larvae with cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activity, M. lylae and C. xerosis in the midgut of adult O. monoceros and M. lylae in the intestine of the ornamental fish Parachromis managuensis . S. maltophilia is present in the midgut of Lutzomyia longipalpis , Burkholderia symbionts in Riptortus clavatus and Leptocorisa chinensis , B. fungorum in Harpalus pensylvanicus and Anisodactylus sanctaecrucis , and Staphylococcus sp.…”

“…Eight species of bacteria are present in the midgut of O. monoceros . In O. rhinoceros larvae, the middle region of hind gut has an enlargement called proctodeal dilation in which fermentation of food takes place and gut bacteria have a profound role in cellulose digestion . In this study, we identified eight species from seven genera of bacteria in the gut of O. rhinoceros larvae.…”

“…B. cereus has been reported from the gut of O. rhinoceros larvae with cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activity, M. lylae and C. xerosis in the midgut of adult O. monoceros and M. lylae in the intestine of the ornamental fish Parachromis managuensis. 19,20,22 S. maltophilia is present in the midgut of Lutzomyia longipalpis, Burkholderia wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ps [23][24][25][26] The enzyme activities, degradation of organic compounds, growth on NaCl, production of acid from carbohydrates, susceptibility to antibiotics and other physiological characteristics of the genus Kokuria have been reported previously. 27 These studies support our findings that the bacteria identified here play significant roles in the digestion of cellulosic materials and in other physiological processes essential for the existence of the O. rhinoceros larvae.…”

Proximate and Mineral Analysis of Coconutrhinoceros Beetle (Oryctesrhinoceros Linnaeus 1758) Larva Meal

“…The efficiency of the larvae from converting low nutrient substrates into nutrient-rich body mass is by the findings of Taylor (1979). Efficiency in converting fibrous organic matter is due to the larva's presence of cellulytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria in its gut (Sari et al, 2016). These bacteria can digest cellulose and hemicellulose and hydrolyze them into fermentable sugars as an energy source (Shi et 2012) having 48%.…”

Amylase production potentials of bacterial isolates obtained from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae

“…Based on the 16S rRNA sequence, 10 isolates were classified into the Bacillus and 1 isolate was classified into Citrobacter [7].…”