Change in vitamin A content in tissues of rats fed on a vitamin A-free diet.

Morita, Akihito; Nakano, Kiwao

doi:10.3177/jnsv.28.343

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar increases occur with the onset of a vitamin A deficiency (15,16). Furthermore, we have shown that the retinoid accumulation in the kidney caused by TCDD appears to be primarily an increase in the amount of retinyl esters, a consequence of elevated ACARAT activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…It has been clearly established in the literature, and demonstrated again in the experiment described herein, that a toxic dose of TCDD results in elevated levels of retinoids in the kidneys of treated animals (12,13). Similar increases occur with the onset of a vitamin A deficiency (15,16). Furthermore, we have shown that the retinoid accumulation in the kidney caused by TCDD appears to be primarily an increase in the amount of retinyl esters, a consequence of elevated ACARAT activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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The effect of TCDD on Acyl CoA: Retinol acyltransferase activity and vitamin a accumulation in the kidney of male sprague‐dawley rats

Jurek

Powers

Gilbert

et al. 1990

J. Biochem. Toxicol.

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Previous studies have shown that rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) show signs of toxicity that are similar to the responses of animals to a vitamin A-deficient diet. These include hypophagia, loss of body weight, loss of hepatic vitamin A, and accumulation of renal retinoids. Male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 10, 30, or 100 nmol/kg of TCDD accumulated renal vitamin A, with retinyl palmitate concentrations reaching 8 times those of control animals, similar to that of male rats fed a vitamin A-free diet for 26 days. Acyl CoA:retinol acyltransferase (ACARAT) activities in both TCDD-treated rats and rats fed a vitamin A-free diet for 26 days were similarly elevated, and were strongly and positively correlated with the renal retinyl palmitate concentrations. Retinol concentrations in the kidneys of rats treated with TCDD or fed a vitamin A-free diet were only slightly elevated when compared to control rats. We suggest that accumulation of retinyl esters in the kidneys of rats treated with TCDD or fed a vitamin A-free diet occurs as a result of increased rates of retinol esterification.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The effect of TCDD on Acyl CoA: Retinol acyltransferase activity and vitamin a accumulation in the kidney of male sprague‐dawley rats

Jurek

Powers

Gilbert

et al. 1990

J. Biochem. Toxicol.

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“…Increased renal vitamin A is an indicator of a beginning vitamin A deficiency in the rat, whereas severe deficiency is characterized by depletion of renal vitamin A (32,33). Results obtained in the present study may thus suggest that TCDD-exposed rats, despite their substantial liver and serum levels of vitamin A, behave as if they were vitamin A deficient (Table 3).…”

Section: Golden Syrian Hamstersmentioning

confidence: 50%

Effects of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin(TCDD) on the Vitamin A Status of Hartley Guinea Pigs, Sprague-Dawley Rats, C57B1/6 Mice, DBA/2 Mice, and Golden Syrian Hamsters.

Håkansson

Johansson

Manzoor

et al. 1991

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…Furthermore, during VA deficiency, kidney may contain a similar retinol concentration to liver. 44 We did not anticipate that the sows would have this degree of VA deficiency and did not collect the kidneys. Future studies could investigate carcass and other organ concentrations of retinol, as well as unaccounted-for dose loss (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinol isotope dilution accurately predicts liver reserves in piglets but overestimates reserves in lactating sows

Sheftel

Surles

Tanumihardjo

2019

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Retinol isotope dilution (RID) is used to estimate total body vitamin A (VA) stores in groups to assess VA status. Metabolic differences during lactation may affect RID calculations as currently applied. We evaluated the time required for isotopic equilibration between serum and liver retinol in piglets, and the utility of milk retinol isotopic enrichment as a proxy for serum in lactating sows. Piglets ( n = 24) and sows ( n = 6) were fed 1.75 or 20 µmol 13 C2-retinyl acetate, respectively. Piglets ( n = 5 or 7) were killed on d 0, 4, 7, or 14. Blood and milk were collected at d 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, and 21 before the sows were killed to collect liver. Retinol 13 C-enrichment was determined by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Equilibration time and RID-predicted liver VA reserves were calculated. In piglets, serum and liver retinol 13 C-enrichment differed significantly in individuals at d 4 and 7 ( P = 0.008, 0.03) but not d 14 ( P = 0.06); however, mean values were not different by d 4 ( P = 0.62). Current RID equations accurately predicted VA deficiency (means ≤0.027 µmol/g liver) in the piglets. In sows, milk and serum retinol 13 C-enrichment reached equilibrium between 2 and 7 d post-dose. After correcting for dose lost to milk, RID equations predicted higher liver stores than measured values even though the serum to liver atom % was 1.00 ± 0.01 at kill. In VA deficient infants, a shorter period may be accurate in population-level RID studies when using appropriate assumptions. In lactating women, the RID may have decreased accuracy due to variable losses of tracer in milk. Furthermore, assumptions about storage and loss of the dose in milk must be evaluated in lactating women considering the observed discrepancy between predicted and measured stores. Impact statement Vitamin A (VA) deficiency and hypervitaminosis A have been reported in groups of people worldwide. Conventional biomarkers of VA deficiency (e.g. serum retinol concentration, dose response tests) are not able to distinguish between sufficiency and hypervitaminosis A. Retinol isotope dilution (RID) predictions of VA status have been validated in humans and animal models from deficiency through toxicity; however, RID during life stages with unique issues related to isotopic tracing, such as infancy and lactation, requires further evaluation. This study investigated RID in piglets and lactating sows as models for human infants and women. In piglets, RID successfully determined VA deficiency (confirmed with liver analysis), and that the tracer mixes quickly. Conversely, in lactating sows, although serum and milk enrichments were similar, traditional RID equations overestimated VA stores, likely due to losses of tracer and higher extrahepatic VA storage than predictions. These data inform researchers about the challenges of using RID during lactation.

show abstract

Change in vitamin A content in tissues of rats fed on a vitamin A-free diet.

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

The effect of TCDD on Acyl CoA: Retinol acyltransferase activity and vitamin a accumulation in the kidney of male sprague‐dawley rats

The effect of TCDD on Acyl CoA: Retinol acyltransferase activity and vitamin a accumulation in the kidney of male sprague‐dawley rats

Effects of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin(TCDD) on the Vitamin A Status of Hartley Guinea Pigs, Sprague-Dawley Rats, C57B1/6 Mice, DBA/2 Mice, and Golden Syrian Hamsters.

Retinol isotope dilution accurately predicts liver reserves in piglets but overestimates reserves in lactating sows

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