Changes in body temperature and water intake following intracerebral implantation of carbachol in rats

Abstract

HoLsr, S. G. T. AND D. DE WIED.Changes in body temperature and water intake following intracerebral implantation of carbachol in rats. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 2 (4) [367][368][369][370][371] 1967.--Intracerebral carbachol produced a fall in core temperature in the rat when implanted in the area preoptica, the nucleus lateralis septi and the area between the thalamic nuclei and the nucleus ruber. Cholinergic stimulation of the anterohypothalamic region did not affect body temperature, while stimulation of the nucleus ventralis thalami induced hyperthermia. Water consumption increased upon intracerebral application of carbachol to the area preoptica, the nucleus lateralis septi, the anterohypothalamic region and the area between the thalamic nuclei and the nucleus ruber. No effect was found following implantation of carbachol in the nucleus ventralis thalami. The results suggest that drinking and hypothermia follow roughly parallel pathways in the limbic system and the diencephalon, although the fiber systems for these two phenomena need not be necessarily the same. Water intakeBody temperature Carbachol lntracerebral implantation IN THE water satiated rat intracerebrally implanted carbachol elicits vigorous drinking [4,5,8,12]. Grossman's demonstration that cholinergic stimulation of the perifornical region in the rat led to a marked increase in water ingestion, was further investigated by Fisher and Coury [2] who found that cholinergic stimulation within the limbic system, the hypothalamus and the midbrain also induced drinking. These authors postulated that the Papez circuit is intimately involved in the mediation of drinking. Recently, hypothermia in the rat has been found following cholinergic stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus [10] and of the preoptic region [8], but other structures in the central nervous system have not been implicated in this respect. The present experiments were conducted to determine the effect of carbachol on core temperature and on water ingestion after its administration into various subcortical structures. MATERIALS AND METHODSMale white rats of an inbred Wistar strain weighing 180-210 g were used.To guide implantation of carbachol into various brain structures a stainless steel plate with 12 holes was used (Fig. 1). Tubes with a dia. of 0.80 mm of the same material of the plate protruding 2.50 mm from the lower side of the plate were attached to the holes in the plate. In order to fixate the plates to the skulls, rats were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus under ether anesthesia. After cutting the skin and cleaning the bone, holes--corresponding to the holes of the plate--were drilled in the skull starting just rostral of the sutura coronaria. After cleaning and drying the surface of the skull and following application of sulfonamide (Orgasepton) to avoid infection, the tubes of the plate were carefully inserted into the holes until the plate touched the skull. The plate was subsequently fixed to the skull with dental cement. Through the tubes, needles containing crystalline carbach...

Effects of Systemic and Intracerebral Administration of Two Opposite Acting ACTH-Related Peptides on Extinction of Conditioned Avoidance Behavior

“…To allow intracerebral application of the peptides, a stainless steel plate, equipped with 12 holes and with tubes attached to the holes, was fixed on the rat skull. Needles containing crystalline peptide at the tip can be inserted into the brain of the conscious rat through the tubes of the plate [Hulst and de Wied, 1967; van W imersma G reidanus and . After recovering from the operation the animals were reconditioned.…”

Intracerebral implantation of carbachol in the rat: Its effect on water intake and body temperature

“…Tubes, with a diameter of 0.8 ram, of the same material, protruding 2.50 mm from the lower side of the plate, were attached to the holes in the plate. This plate was fixed to the rat skull with dental cement (for details see [20]). Through the tubes needles of different length, containing crystalline substances at the tip, could be directed into the brain.…”

“…In the rat hypothermia has been found following cholinergic stimulation of the anterior hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus, preoptic region, nucleus lateralis septi and the area between the thalamie nuclei and the nucleus ruber [20,22,23,25]. In a previous study [20] it was suggested that cholinergically evoked drinking and hypothermia follow roughly parallel pathways in the limbic system and the diencephalon. As the fibre systems for these two phenomena need not necessarily be the same, further experiments were conducted to evaluate the previous results; these studies are reported here.…”

“…Further evidence for such a circuit has been presented [12,26,27,32,33]. In the rat hypothermia has been found following cholinergic stimulation of the anterior hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus, preoptic region, nucleus lateralis septi and the area between the thalamie nuclei and the nucleus ruber [20,22,23,25]. In a previous study [20] it was suggested that cholinergically evoked drinking and hypothermia follow roughly parallel pathways in the limbic system and the diencephalon.…”

Cholinergic Mechanisms in Central Thermoregulation in Pigeons

“…Since then abundant evidence has been obtained in support of this suggestion in a number of mammals by studying the effects of cholinomimetic substances on body temperature following their injection into the cerebral ventricles or into different regions of the hypothalamus. Experiments of this kind were done in mice (Friedman & Jaffe, 1969), rats (Hulst & de Wied, 1967;Meeter & Wolthuis, 1968;Myers & Yaksh, 1968;Lomax, Foster & Kirkpatrick, 1969;Meeter, 1969Meeter, , 1971Avery, 1972;Baird & Lang, 1973), sheep, goats and rabbits (Bligh, Cottle & Maskrey, 1971), cats (Baird & Lang, 1973) and monkeys (Myers & Yaksh, 1969). The nature of the thermoregulatory response to cholinomimetic substances was found to differ in different species and to be dependent on the dose of the substance injected, the ambient temperature, and when injected into the hypothalamus on the actual site of injection.…”