Changes in COVID-19 Vaccine Intent From April/May to June/July 2021

Abstract

The Delta variant surge heightens the importance of vaccination.To optimize outreach and education, understanding the degree to which an individual's intent to vaccinate changes over time and assessing factors that relate to rising vaccine likelihood are critical. 2 For example, whether individuals who are initially "unsure" or "unlikely" will eventually be vaccinated is unknown. Most studies of vaccine intent are cross-sectional 3 and cannot assess these changes.Using data from a nationally representative longitudinal study of adults in the US, 4 we assessed individual-level change in vaccine intent and uptake between April 2021 and July 2021 and characteristics of individuals who reported an increase in vaccine likelihood or uptake. Methods |The Understanding America Study (UAS) repeatedly surveyed a probability-based internet panel of approximately 9000 US adults (≥18 years). 5 Panelists were recruited using address-based sampling, allowing for valid statistical inferences and avoiding coverage problems from convenience web-based panels. Internet-enabled tablets were provided if needed. Respondents received $20 per 30-minute survey time. Panelists were surveyed beginning March 10, 2020, initially biweekly and monthly after February 17, 2021, in English or Spanish about COVID-19. Overall, 89% of panelists consented to participate in the longitudinal survey. With each survey wave, about one-fourteenth (1/28 since February 17, 2021) of these consenting panelists were invited daily on a rolling basis to complete surveys over 2 weeks.

COVID-19 Vaccination Status, Attitudes, and Values among US Adults in September 2021

“…Despite many publicly available survey data assessing COVID-19 vaccine intentions and attitudes, many analyses have not undergone peer review [19,26,[33][34][35]. Many of those that are published are of variable quality in terms of methodology and validity [23,25,27,[36][37][38][39], only rarely using nationally representative samples to examine factors associated with vaccine intention with the ability to assess changes over time [40].…”

Factors Affecting Young Adults’ Decision Making to Undergo COVID-19 Vaccination: A Patient Preference Study

“…While many individuals from high-developed countries have already been vaccinated against COVID-19, unvaccinated persons, particularly young adults, are reluctant to take up the vaccine [12,13]. Because there is no mandatory vaccination for COVID-19 for the general population, the ability to control the COVID-19 pandemic relies heavily on the success of vaccination programs [14].…”

Factors associated with reversals of COVID-19 vaccination willingness: Results from two longitudinal, national surveys in Japan 2021-2022

“…In addition to a handful of other studies assessing limited population such as health care workers, 16−18 the elderly, 19 refugees, 20 COVID-19 recovered patients, 21 and people living with multiple sclerosis, 22,23 only two studies have attempted to assess vaccine changes of heart using actual vaccination as the primary outcome. Szilagyi et al (2021) assessed vaccination outcomes using longitudinal surveys in April/May and June/July 2021 and found that 17¢0% of those initially desiring vaccination became unsure or unwilling while 14¢5% of those initially unsure or unwilling became willing or already received vaccination. 24 A similar study by Rane et al (2021) found that among those initially willing to receive vaccination in October 2020, between 6-19% (depending on race/ethnicity) had not yet been inoculated by July 2021.…”