Changes in peripheral blood cytokines in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

Abstract

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is recognized as an emerging infectious disease. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of SFTS. A total of 100 subjects were randomly included in the study. Cytokine levels were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and the viral load was detected by micro drop digital PCR. The results showed that levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐8, IL‐10, IFN‐inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α (MIP‐1α), transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted factor (RANTES) differed significantly among the SFTS patient group, healthy people group, and asymptomatic infection group (p < .05). Compared to the healthy people group, the patient group had increased cytokine levels (IL‐6, IL‐10, IP‐10, MCP‐1, and IFN‐γ) but reduced levels of IL‐8, TGF‐β1, and RANTES (p < .0167). IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IP‐10, MCP‐1, MIP‐1α, TGF‐β1, and the RANTES levels had different trends after the onset of the disease. IL‐6, IL‐10, IP‐10, and MCP‐1 levels in severe patients were higher than those in mild patients (p < .05). There was a positive correlation between viral load and IL‐6 and IP‐10 but a negative correlation between viral load and RANTES. SFTSV could cause a cytokine change: the cytokine levels of patients had different degrees of fluctuation after the onset of the disease. The levels of IL‐6 and IL‐8 in the asymptomatic infection group were found between the SFTS patients group and the healthy people group. The levels of IL‐6, IL‐10, IP‐10, and MCP‐1 in the serum could reflect the severity of the disease, and the levels of IL‐6, IP‐10, and RANTES were correlated with the viral load.

Prognostic value and dynamic change characteristics of cytokines in Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

“…In the trend of cytokine changes, TNF-α, IL-2R and IL-1B reached the peak at 4-6 days after admission, while IL-6 and IL-8 increased slowly. Interestingly, IL-10 tended to decline after admission until it nally returned to the normal reference range, which is quite different from He et al (29). We speculated that this might be because the 15 patients with dynamic cytokine changes collected in this study were treated with cyclic gamma-globulin combined with ribavirin immediately after admission.…”

Clinical laboratory parameters and fatality of Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Preceding the clinical deterioration, significantly enhanced viral load was observed, while the laboratory parameters, especially LDH, AST, CK, PLT, began to deviate sharply from normal ranges [ 49 ]. A previous study [ 37 ] showed that higher numbers of the virus were capable of inducing higher levels of IFN-inducible protein-10 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 while repressing the production of activation normal T cell expressed and secreted factor, which further cause the severity and even death [ 50 ]. The rapidly rising level of viral load activated the innate and acquired immune system, causing the released of proinflammatory cytokines in quantity, and further aggravating tissues and organs damage [ 51 ].…”

Overview of the immunological mechanism underlying severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (Review)

“…Other cytokine/chemokines were also found to be downregulated, such as tissue polypeptide antigen, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, growth-related oncogene, TGF-β and regulated on activation and normally T-cell expressed (RANTES), compared with those in healthy controls (66,(77)(78)(79). In particular, RANTES was reported to be negatively correlated with viral load (80). However, the expression profile of cytokines in patients with SFTS remain contested.…”