Changes in root system structure, leaf water potential and gas exchange of maize and triticale seedlings affected by soil compaction

Grzesiak, S.; Grzesiak, Maciej T.; Hura, Tomasz; Marcińska, Izabela; Rzepka, A.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.01.010

Cited by 89 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…S4), and root buckling was not observed. As observed for different small-grain cereals in previous studies (Barraclough and Weir, 1988;Materechera et al, 1992;Grzesiak et al, 2013;Hernandez-Ramirez et al, 2014;Colombi and Walter, 2016), root diameters of 2-d-old seedlings increased with increasing soil bulk density (Table I). However, the data obtained from our study strongly suggest that this acclimation of root morphology to increased soil strength was limited by a maximum root diameter.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…This adjustment of roots to increased soil strength reduces the risk of root buckling and decreases the mechanical stress acting on the root during penetration (Materechera et al, 1992;Kirby and Bengough, 2002;Chimungu et al, 2015). Root thickening in response to increased soil strength has been observed in a wide range of species under field and laboratory conditions and often coincides with increased cortical area (Atwell, 1990a;Materechera et al, 1992;Grzesiak et al, 2013;Siczek et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2014;Hernandez-Ramirez et al, 2014;Colombi and Walter, 2016). Since root thickening decreases penetration stress and stabilizes roots, thick roots are likely to be an advantage in soils with increased mechanical impedance (Materechera et al, 1992;Kirby and Bengough, 2002;Chimungu et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

et al. 2017

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

et al. 2017

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“…Otto et al (2009), is limited to root dry matter. In other studies (Imhoff et al, 2010;Mei et al, 2011;Grzesiak et al, 2013), roots were analyzed for a higher number of properties, i.e., root length, surface area, volume, diameter classes, and structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public-domain software for root image analysis

Costa

Cunha

Jorge

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYIn the search for high efficiency in root studies, computational systems have been developed to analyze digital images. ImageJ and Safira are public-domain systems that may be used for image analysis of washed roots. However, differences in root properties measured using ImageJ and Safira are supposed. This study compared values of root length and surface area obtained with public-domain systems with values obtained by a reference method. Root samples were collected in a banana plantation in an area of a shallower Typic Carbonatic Haplic Cambisol (CXk), and an area of a deeper Typic Haplic Ta Eutrophic Cambisol (CXve), at six depths in five replications. Root images were digitized and the systems ImageJ and Safira used to determine root length and surface area. The line-intersect method modified by Tennant was used as reference; values of root length and surface area measured with the different systems were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and compared by the confidence interval and t-test. Both systems ImageJ and Safira had positive correlation coefficients with the reference method for root length and surface area data in CXk and CXve. The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.54 to 0.80, with lowest value observed for ImageJ in the measurement of surface area of roots sampled in CXve. The IC (95 %) revealed that root length measurements with Safira did not differ from that with the reference method in CXk (-77.3 to 244.0 mm). Regarding surface area measurements, Safira did not differ from the reference method for samples collected in CXk (-530.6 to 565.8 mm 2 ) as well as in CXve (-4231 to 612.1 mm 2 ). However, measurements with ImageJ were different from those obtained by the reference method, underestimating length and surface area in samples collected in CXk and CXve. Both ImageJ and Safira allow an identification of increases or decreases in root length and surface area. However, Safira results for root length and surface area are closer to the results obtained with the reference method.Index terms: root length, root surface area, image processing, root system.

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“…The reductions in the WUE and iWUE were due to the gradual decrease of the g s with increasing soil compaction, without maintenance of the photosynthetic rate. Reductions in g s , with negative effects on A and E due to soil compaction have been reported in several crops (GRZESIAK et al, 2013;WANG et al, 2013). The iCE reduced because the photosynthetic rate did not follow the increase of the Ci generated by the increased compaction levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Information on soil compaction is essential for planning soil management; however, few studies focus on the effects of compaction on physiological aspects of the plant, making it difficult to understand the performance of the cultures in this stress condition (GRZESIAK et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Exchange and Photochemical Efficiency in Lima Bean Genotypes Grown in Compacted Soils

et al. 2018

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-The effects of soil compaction on crop growth and productivity have been well studied in recent years, however, studies on the physiological responses of crops to compaction are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil compaction on gas exchange, and photochemical efficiency of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) genotypes of different growth habits. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 3×4 factorial arrangement, with three lima bean genotypes (Branca-Pequena, Orelha-de-Vó and Roxinha) and four compaction levels (soil densities of 1.1, 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 g cm -3 ), with four replications. The following variables were evaluated at 38 days after sowing: photosynthetic rate (A), leaf transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (g s ), internal CO 2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (iCE) and photochemical efficiency (Fo, Fm, Fv and Fv/Fm). The data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% probability by the F test. The genotypes showed a reduction in the photosynthetic rate with increasing soil compaction. The soil compaction affected the photochemical efficiency of the genotype Orelha-de-Vó, with the Fm and Fv fitting to the linear model, and the Fv/Fm fitting to the quadratic model. The genotype Orelha-de-Vó had the highest rate of E and g s at the soil densities of 1.24 and 1.29 g cm -3 , respectively. Regarding the photosynthetic rate, the genotype Roxinha is more efficient than Branca-Pequena at the soil density of 1.7 g cm -3 .Keywords: Phaseolus lunatus L.. Physical impediment. Photosynthetic rate. TROCAS GASOSAS E EFICIÊNCIA FOTOQUÍMICA DE GENÓTIPOS DE FAVA CULTIVADOS EM SOLO COMPACTADORESUMO -Os efeitos da compactação do solo no crescimento e produtividade das culturas têm sido muito estudados nos últimos anos, porém, as respostas fisiológicas das culturas à compactação não têm recebido a devida atenção. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da compactação do solo nas trocas gasosas e na eficiência fotoquímica de genótipos de fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.) de diferentes hábitos de crescimento. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados no arranjo fatorial 3 × 4, sendo três genótipos de fava (Branca pequena, Orelha de vó e Roxinha) e quatro níveis de compactação (densidades de solo de 1,1; 1,3; 1,5 e 1,7 g cm -3 ), com quatro repetições. Aos 38 dias após a semeadura, analisaram-se as seguintes variáveis: taxa fotossintética (A), transpiração foliar (E), condutância estomática (g s ), concentração interna de CO 2 (Ci), eficiência instantânea no uso da água (EUA), eficiência intrínseca no uso da água (EIUA), eficiência instantânea de carboxilação (EiC) e eficiência fotoquímica (Fo, Fm, Fv e Fv/Fm). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância a 5% de probabilidade pelo teste F. Os genótipos apresentaram redução na taxa fotossintética com aumento da compactação do solo. Houve efeito da compactação do solo na eficiência fotoquímica apenas par...

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Changes in root system structure, leaf water potential and gas exchange of maize and triticale seedlings affected by soil compaction

Cited by 89 publications

References 40 publications

Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

Root Tip Shape Governs Root Elongation Rate under Increased Soil Strength

Public-domain software for root image analysis

Gas Exchange and Photochemical Efficiency in Lima Bean Genotypes Grown in Compacted Soils

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