Changes to the proteome and targeted metabolites of xylem sap in <i>Brassica oleracea</i> in response to salt stress

Fernández‐García, Nieves; Hernandez, M.; Casado‐Vela, Juan; Bru, Roque; Elortza, Félix; Hedden, Peter; Olmos, Enrique

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02285.x

Cited by 66 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Although only in relatively low amounts, xylem sap also contains various carbohydrates, such as glucose, fructose, saccharose, maltose, raffinose, trehalose, and ribose (Alvarez et al, 2008; Nakamura et al, 2008; Fernandez-Garcia et al, 2011; Krishnan et al, 2011). Of these, glucose, fructose, and saccharose are predominant and are utilized as a carbon source for growth.…”

Section: The Xylem As a Niche For Vascular Wilt Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens

Yadeta¹,

Thomma²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

436

400

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Vascular wilts are among the most destructive plant diseases that occur in annual crops as well as in woody perennials. These diseases are generally caused by soil-borne bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes that infect through the roots and enter the water-conducting xylem vessels where they proliferate and obstruct the transportation of water and minerals. As a consequence, leaves wilt and die, which may lead to impairment of the whole plant and eventually to death of the plant. Cultural, chemical, and biological measures to control this group of plant pathogens are generally ineffective, and the most effective control strategy is the use of genetic resistance. Owing to the fact that vascular wilt pathogens live deep in the interior of their host plants, studies into the biology of vascular pathogens are complicated. However, to design novel strategies to combat vascular wilt diseases, understanding the (molecular) biology of vascular pathogens and the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense against these pathogens is crucial. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on interactions of vascular wilt pathogens with their host plants, with emphasis on host defense responses against this group of pathogens.

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Section: The Xylem As a Niche For Vascular Wilt Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens

Yadeta¹,

Thomma²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

436

400

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“…Root-to-shoot signaling via xylem sap has been reported as an important mechanism by which plants respond to stress (Fernández-García et al, 2011).…”

Section: Journal Of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 2016 16 (4) 9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of salinity on transport of Nitrates and Potassium by means of the xylem sap content between roots and shoots in young tomato plants

Gallegos-Cedillo

Urrestarazu

Álvaro

2016

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Salinity is well known to reduce plant growth and yield by reducing water availability; it does so by interfering with both nutrient uptake and translocation. The objective was to determine the nitrate and potassium contents in xylem sap and the root-shoot transportation of both as a function of the salinity of the nutritional solution provided. We compared NO 3 -and K + contents and flux in xylem sap collected from cut stems of tomato seedlings, based on electric conductivity (EC) tests among five nutrition solutionsfor soilless crops ranging from medium to high salinity. The EC was 2.2, 3.5, 4.5, 6 and 12 dS m -1 . The concentration of nitrates and potassium in the xylem sap remained constant, while the external concentration in the rhizosphere varied greatly. Notwithstanding, the xylematic flux was strongly affected by the salinity of the nutritional solution: at maximum salinity, EC reached 3.5 dS m -1 ; at minimum, EC was 12 dS m -1 . For similar reasons, the longest NO 3 -and K + transportation distance between root and shoot was achieved when the EC read 3.5 dS m -1 , but was reduced by up to 80% when EC was 12 dS m -1 .

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“…However, because salinity usually decreases transpiration rates (Munns, 2011), these changes in concentration may not actually increase delivery rates of these ions to the shoot, consistent with many observations of decreased tissue nutrient status in salinized plants (Hu et al, 2005). Furthermore, it should be noted that xylem sodium and chloride ion concentrations were increased by at least an order of magnitude more in tomato and oilseed rape (Fernandez-Garcia et al, 2011;Pérez-Alfocea et al, 2000).…”

Section: Ionomics Of Drying and Saline Soilmentioning

confidence: 53%

Omics of Root-to-Shoot Signaling Under Salt Stress and Water Deficit

Pérez‐Alfocea

Ghanem

Gómez-Cádenas

et al. 2011

OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology

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Maximizing crop yield depends on the leaves receiving an optimal supply of water, mineral nutrients, small organic molecules, proteins, and hormones from the root system via the xylem. Soil drying and salinization alter these xylem fluxes, and modern omics techniques offer unparalleled opportunities to understand the complexity of these responses. Although absolute xylem concentrations of any constituent depend on the genotype and xylem sap sampling methodology, analysis of the relative changes in concentrations has revealed some conserved behavior. Typically, these stresses increase xylem concentrations of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) that limits crop water loss, but decrease the concentrations of certain cytokinins that stimulate expansive growth and prevent premature leaf senescence. Further understanding of the ionic and biophysical alterations in the rhizosphere environment that cause increased xylem concentrations of the ethylene precursor (ACC) is needed. Interactions of these plant hormones with plant nutrient status and xylem nutrient delivery may be important in tuning plant responses to their environment. Xylem proteomics is an emerging area that will help understand mechanisms of plant stress adaptation. Using omics techniques to underpin rootstock-mediate plant improvement is likely to improve crop yields in dry or saline soil.

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Changes to the proteome and targeted metabolites of xylem sap in Brassica oleracea in response to salt stress

Cited by 66 publications

References 81 publications

The xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens

The xylem as battleground for plant hosts and vascular wilt pathogens

Influence of salinity on transport of Nitrates and Potassium by means of the xylem sap content between roots and shoots in young tomato plants

Omics of Root-to-Shoot Signaling Under Salt Stress and Water Deficit

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