Considering the current dependency on digital technology in modern society, the protection of multimedia is highly important. Encryption is vital in modern digital communication, ensuring data confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and non-repudiation. Multimedia encryption-based security techniques are becoming increasingly important as they allow for the secure sharing of multimedia content on digital platforms. This survey aims to review the state of secure and privacy-preserving encryption schemes applicable to digital multimedia, such as digital images, digital video, and digital audio. An extensive analysis of the existing cryptography schemes and multimedia encryption algorithms will be conducted to give an extensive overview of the current state of security encryption schemes specifically designed for digital multimedia technology. The survey results will be used to understand better the effectiveness and reliability of secure multimedia encryption schemes and contribute to developing efficient and secure encryption schemes in the future.