Chapter 15: Tidal Wetlands and Estuaries. Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report

Windham‐Myers, Lisamarie; Cai, Wei; Alin, Simone R.; Andersson, Andréas; Crosswell, J.; Dunton, Kenneth H.; Hernández-Ayón, José Martín; Herrmann, Maria; Hinson, Audra; Hopkinson, Charles S.; Howard, Jennifer; Hu, Xinping; Knox, Sara; Kroeger, Kevin D.; Lagomasino, David; Megonigal, Patrick; Najjar, Raymond G.; Paulsen, May-Linn; Peteet, D. M.; Schäfer, K. V.; Watson, E. B.; Wang, Zhaohui Aleck; Tzortziou, Maria

doi:10.7930/soccr2.2018.ch15

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…As sites for carbon sequestration, our results suggest a greater importance of estuaries. Windham-Myers et al (2018) found tidal wetland burial to be about 6 times estuarine burial, but our results suggest that tidal wetland burial is only about 50% greater than estuarine burial. Regarding U.S. East Coast waters as a whole, Najjar et al (2018) found estuaries to account for 20 ± 9% of the total burial of 2.5 ± 0.7 Tg OC/yr, with the remainder roughly evenly split between tidal wetlands and shelf waters.…”

Section: Impact On Coastal Carbon Budgetscontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Our estimate of CONUS estuarine sedimentary respiration, 6.8 [5.3–8.7] Tg OC/yr from the k ‐means cluster model, exceeds the net heterotrophy CONUS estuarine waters, 4.0 ± 1.2 Tg OC/yr (Windham‐Myers et al, ), which suggests that, on average, the water column of CONUS estuaries is net autotrophic by 2.2 ± 2.2 Tg OC/yr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Windham‐Myers et al () is the only effort that has been made to estimate estuarine sediment carbon fluxes specifically within the entire CONUS region. They used the nitrogen‐based mass balance approach of Herrmann et al () to estimate a CONUS estuarine burial of 1.0 ± 0.3 Tg C/yr, which is a quarter of our estimate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our estimates of estuarine OC burial suggest changes to previous budgets. In the CONUS estuarine carbon budget of Windham‐Myers et al (), estuarine burial is only about 2% of upland carbon inputs (i.e., from rivers and tidal wetlands). With our factor‐of‐four higher estimate of burial, this fraction increases to about 8%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A nitrogen-based mass balance model was used by Herrmann et al (2015) to estimate estuarine burial for the United States East Coast. The same model was used for the conterminous United States and then scaled up to all of North America (Windham-Myers et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Deposition and Burial in Estuarine Sediments of the Contiguous United States

Hutchings

Bianchi

Najjar

et al. 2020

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Estuaries represent the primary linkage between the terrestrial and marine carbon cycles, and estuarine processing of riverine and coastal carbon plays a disproportionately large role in the global carbon cycle relative to the small areal extent of the estuarine environments. However, knowledge of the rate of organic carbon deposition and burial in estuarine sediments is lacking at regional scales. Data on surficial total organic carbon, linear sedimentation, and bulk density of estuarine sediments were compiled and categorized via a cluster analysis in order to estimate carbon deposition within the contiguous United States (CONUS). The cluster analysis broadly grouped estuaries by geography, but exceptions to geographic clustering highlighted differences within regions. A transfer function from deposition to burial based on linear sedimentation rate was used to estimate burial efficiency, and thus the rate of carbon burial within each cluster. We estimate organic carbon deposition rates within CONUS estuarine sediments to be 161 [121–217, 95% confidence] g C/m2/yr with a burial efficiency estimated at 38 [34–42, 95% confidence] %, which yields a long‐term burial rate of 64 [44–97, 95% confidence] g C/m2/yr. Spatially integrated organic deposition and burial rates are 11.3 [8.5–15.2, 95% confidence] and 4.5 [3.1–6.8, 95% confidence] Tg C/yr, respectively. Our findings allow a more thorough understanding of coastal carbon cycling, which is critical for both management purposes as well as for the assessment of the role of estuaries in past and future climate change.

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Section: Impact On Coastal Carbon Budgetscontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Deposition and Burial in Estuarine Sediments of the Contiguous United States

Hutchings

Bianchi

Najjar

et al. 2020

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Climate change mitigation potential of Louisiana's coastal area: Current estimates and future projections

Baustian

Liu

Moss

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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Coastal habitats can play an important role in climate change mitigation. As Louisiana implements its climate action plan and the restoration and risk‐reduction projects outlined in its 2017 Louisiana Coastal Master Plan, it is critical to consider potential greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in coastal habitats. This study estimated the potential climate mitigation role of existing, converted, and restored coastal habitats for years 2005, 2020, 2025, 2030, and 2050, which align with the Governor of Louisiana's GHG reduction targets. An analytical framework was developed that considered (1) available scientific data on net ecosystem carbon balance fluxes per habitat and (2) habitat areas projected from modeling efforts used for the 2017 Louisiana Coastal Master Plan to estimate the net GHG flux of coastal area. The coastal area was estimated as net GHG sinks of −38.4 ± 10.6 and −43.2 ± 12.0 Tg CO2 equivalents (CO2e) in 2005 and 2020, respectively. The coastal area was projected to remain a net GHG sink in 2025 and 2030, both with and without the implementation of Coastal Master Plan projects (means ranged from −25.3 to −34.2 Tg CO2e). By 2050, with model‐projected wetland loss and conversion of coastal habitats to open water due to coastal erosion and relative sea level rise, Louisiana's coastal area was projected to become a net source of GHG emissions both with and without the Coastal Master Plan projects. However, in the year 2050, the Louisiana Coastal Master Plan project implementation was projected to avoid the release of +8.8 ± 1.3 Tg CO2e compared with an alternative with no action. Reduction in current and future stressors to coastal habitats, including impacts from sea level rise, as well as the implementation of restoration projects could help to ensure coastal areas remain a natural climate solution.

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Modeling impacts of saltwater intrusion on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in tidal forested wetlands

Wang

Dai

Krauss

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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Emissions of methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) from soils to the atmosphere can offset the benefits of carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation. While past study has suggested that both CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) are generally low, the impacts of coastal droughts and drought-induced saltwater intrusion on CH 4 and N 2 O emissions remain unclear. In this study, a process-driven biogeochemistry model, Tidal Freshwater Wetland DeNitrification-DeComposition (TFW-DNDC), was applied to examine the responses of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions to episodic drought-induced saltwater intrusion in TFFW along the Waccamaw River and Savannah River, USA. These sites encompass landscape

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Chapter 15: Tidal Wetlands and Estuaries. Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Carbon Deposition and Burial in Estuarine Sediments of the Contiguous United States

Carbon Deposition and Burial in Estuarine Sediments of the Contiguous United States

Climate change mitigation potential of Louisiana's coastal area: Current estimates and future projections

Modeling impacts of saltwater intrusion on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in tidal forested wetlands

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