Characterisation of reverse osmosis permeates from municipal recycled water systems using fluorescence spectroscopy: Implications for integrity monitoring

Impact of dataset diversity on accuracy and sensitivity of parallel factor analysis model of dissolved organic matter fluorescence excitation-emission matrix

“…4 ). Because of the rapidness and high sensitivity of this method, fluorescence monitoring has been proposed to be applied in the cross-connection detection in dual distribution systems, in integrity monitoring in a reverse osmosis process, and in microbial contamination detection in a groundwater based drinking water supply plant 15 21 28 . Loadings for emission and excitation spectra of all components identified in current research have been listed in Supporting Information ( Table S3, S4 and S5 ).…”

Evaluation of methods for reverse osmosis membrane integrity monitoring for wastewater reuse

“…But their sensitivity has been questioned due to the high purity of the RO permeate [9,10]. Recently, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy was proposed for RO membrane integrity monitoring by analyzing the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in RO feed and permeate [11]. Although EEM provides a wealth of information about DOM, identifying fluorescent signatures for calculating DOM rejection rate can be difficult due to the stochastic nature of DOM in wastewater [12].…”

Fluorescence spectroscopy for wastewater monitoring: A review

“…Hambly et al (2010) observed that chlorination 732 generated a higher reduction in peak C compared to previous treatment steps. Singh et al (2012) 733 found a minimum of 97 % removal of peak C fluorophores after the reverse osmosis process. …”