Characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in desert steppe soil related to transportation and industrial activities

Xu, Zhe; Wen-bao, MI; Mi, Nan; Fan, Xiangtao; Zhou, Yao; Tian, Ying

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09877-9

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Among these, Cd, Pb, and Zn exceeded the thresholds by the highest amounts and accumulated to varying degrees in the study area. These findings are consistent with our previous researching indicating that there are over-standard heavy metal rates in the study area’s soil ( Xu et al, 2020 ). According to Wilding’s (1985) classification of the degree of variation, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mn, and Co (0.287, 0.220, 0.301, 0.153, and 0.221) were moderately variable (0.15 < CV < 0.36).…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Data were collected as previously described by Xu et al (2020) . Specifically, we used the soil background value that CNEMC (China National Environmental Monitoring Center), (1990) used as the basis for evaluation, as well as the Nemerow pollution index ( ) ( Cheng, Zhou & Zhu, 2007 ), potential ecological risk index ( ) ( Zhu, Bian & Li, 2008 ), geo-accumulation index ( ) ( Li et al, 2014 ), and integrated pollution index (IPI) of dust heavy metals (IPI.dhm).…”

Section: Evaluation Methods Of Pollution Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of dust fall related to industrial activities in desert steppes

Wen-bao

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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China’s desert steppe is the transition zone between the grasslands in central China and the arid desert. Ecological security in this region has long been a subject of debate, both in the local and academic communities. Heavy metals and other pollutants are readily released during industrial production, combustion, and transportation, aggravating the vulnerability of the desert steppes. To understand the impact of industrial activiteis on the heavy metal content of dust fall in the desert steppe, a total of 37 dust fall samples were collected over 90 days. An inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (NexION 350X) was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Co, and Zn in the dust. Using comprehensive pollution index and multivariate statistical analysis methods, we explored the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution. We also quantitatively assessed the carcinogenic risks of heavy metals resulting from dust reduction with the help of health risk assessment models. The heavy metals’ comprehensive pollution index values in the study area’s dust fall were ranked as follows: Zn > Cd > Pb > Mn > Cu > Co > Cr. Among these, Zn, Cd, and Pb were significant pollution factors in the study area, and were affected by industrial production and transportation. The high pollution index was concentrated in the north of the research industrial park and on both sides of a highway. The seven heavy metals’ total non-carcinogenic risk index (HI) values were ranked as follows: Mn > Co > Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > Cd (only the HI of Mn was greater than one). Excluding Mn, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk index values of the other six heavy metals were within acceptable ranges. Previous studies have also shown that industrial transportation and production have had a significant impact on the heavy metal content of dust fall in the desert steppe.

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Section: Analysis and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Evaluation Methods Of Pollution Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of dust fall related to industrial activities in desert steppes

Wen-bao

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…The recoveries of the five heavy metals were 98-102% (Cu), 90-100% (Cd), 94-104% (Cr), 98-107% (Pb), and 96-105% (Zn). In addition, random checks and abnormal point checks were performed to ensure that the results met the quality control requirements 30 .…”

Section: Sample Collection and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China

Wen-bao

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Desert steppe soil security issues have been the focus of attention. Therefore, to understand the impact of industrial activities on the soil quality of desert grasslands, this experiment investigated the Gaoshawo Industrial Concentration Zone in Yanchi County. Based on the distance and direction from the industrial park, sample plots were established at intervals of 1–2 km. A total of 82 surface soil samples (0–20 cm) representing different pollution sources were collected. The samples were analysed for pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The desert steppe soil quality was analysed based on the integrated fertility index (IFI) and the Nemerow pollution index (PN), followed by the calculation of the comprehensive soil quality index (SQI), which considers the most suitable soil quality indicators through a geostatistical model. The results showed that the IFI was 0.393, indicating that the soil fertility was relatively poor. Excluding the available potassium, the nugget coefficients of the fertility indicators were less than 25% and showed strong spatial autocorrelation. The average values of Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn were 21.64 ± 3.26, 0.18 ± 0.02, 44.99 ± 21.23, 87.18 ± 25.84, and 86.63 ± 24.98 mg·kg−1, respectively; the nugget coefficients of Cr, Pb and Zn were 30.79–47.35%. Pb was the main element causing heavy metal pollution in the study area. Higher PN values were concentrated north of the highway in the study area, resulting in lower soil quality in the northern region and a trend of decreasing soil quality from south to north. The results of this research showed that the average SQI was 0.351 and the soil quality was extremely low. Thus, industrial activities and transportation activities in the Gaoshawo Industrial Zone significantly impact the desert steppe soil quality index.

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“…Anthropogenic activities could be a direct link to the occurrence of a high concentration of heavy metal(loid)s (Zhang et al, 2019). Xu et al (2020) reported that transportation activities should not be overlooked in assessing the source of trace elements, especially Pb, Zn and Cu. Indeed, in this study as well, the rapid industrial growth in the Jam region has led to more transportation activities, which could be a very important source of heavy metal(loid)s. Wind direction has been studied by many researchers to investigate the effect of wind on the distribution of elements from the different industrial facilities (Ding et al, 2017;Li et al, 2017).…”

Section: Figure 3 Spatial Distribution Of Cu Zn Co and Mn In The Jam Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface dispersal, emission source and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in an active gas field, Southern Iran

Khodabakhshloo

Biswas

Moore

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The presence of heavy metal(loid)s in soils from anthropogenic sources such as activities related to fossil fuel processing area could pose serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. However, risk factors depend on the source, distribution and human interaction with these contaminants and therefore case specific study is needed. In this study, using a geological information system (GIS) and 63 surface soil samples, we fully assessed 190 km2 area of a developing gas region in southern Iran. Mean concentration of manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), total chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) was 341.24, 129.40, 32.90, 26.85, 16.56, 7.52, 0.67 and 0.63 mg kg− 1, respectively, while As, Pb, Zn and Cd surpassed the local background level. Moreover, soil pollution was also assessed by the contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and ecological risk factor (Er). Accordingly, these soils were classified as moderate to heavily polluted with As and Cd and un-polluted to slightly polluted by Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr and Co. The GIS and soil collection point tracing showed that the natural gas processing and residential activities were both significant pollution sources where ingestion was the main contributor to heavy metal(loid)s uptake. Overall, the hazardous index for noncarcinogenic health impact was < 1 indicating no risk; however, children were at greater risk than the adult. Total carcinogenic risk (TCR) index from As exceeded the maximum tolerable level (1.0E-04) for children and adults. Chromium Co, Cd and Pb exposure were within the acceptable limit in the adult group (TCR < 1.0E-06), but the Pb and Cr health-hazardous indices were higher than guideline value indicating the potential of cancer risk in children. Therefore, remedial actions are required to eliminate or reduce the toxicity of As, Cr and Pb attributed to the impacted soil.

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Characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in desert steppe soil related to transportation and industrial activities

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of dust fall related to industrial activities in desert steppes

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of dust fall related to industrial activities in desert steppes

Comprehensive evaluation of soil quality in a desert steppe influenced by industrial activities in northern China

Surface dispersal, emission source and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in an active gas field, Southern Iran

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