Characteristics of Atmospheric Kinetic Energy Spectra during the Intensification of Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Zheng, Hepeng; Zhang, Yun; Wang, Yuan; Zhang, Lifeng; Peng, Jun; Liu, Saisai; Li, Aibing

doi:10.3390/app10176029

Cited by 8 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Meanwhile, we also refer to the parameterization schemes by Zheng et al. (2020) who carry out the simulation of typhoon Lekima. The detailed model setup and parameterization scheme used in this paper, which can better simulated typhoon and precipitation, are described as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to get the appropriate model setup and parameterization schemes in the simulation of typhoon "Lekima," some sensitivity tests (not shown in this paper) have been carried out including the initial fields, microphysics scheme and so on. Meanwhile, we also refer to the parameterization schemes by Zheng et al (2020) who carry out the simulation of typhoon Lekima. The detailed model setup and parameterization scheme used in this paper, which can better simulated typhoon and precipitation, are described as follows.…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It made landfall in Zhejiang Province, China, as a super typhoon on the early morning of 10 August. Typhoon Lekima has been the subject of many studies (e.g., Shi et al., 2020; Zheng et al., 2020). Li and Li (2020) used reanalysis data and numerical models to analyze the mechanisms driving precipitation in typhoon Lekima.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influences of the Mid‐Latitude Westerly Trough on Stratospheric Gravity Waves Generated by Typhoon Lekima (2019)

et al. 2021

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Characteristics of the gravity waves (GWs) in the lower stratosphere, produced by typhoon “Lekima” (2019) after its landfall, are studied using simulations with the high‐resolution WRF‐ARW4.2 model. In particular, the Characteristics and sources of the GWs are investigated. The results show that the GWs have a significant wavelength of 200–400 km and a significant period of 2.5–10 hr. The characteristics of stratospheric gravity wave induced by the typhoon after landing are affected by a westerly trough at mid‐latitude. The GWs are reconstructed by Fourier inversion transform in the significant spectral region in order to reveal the source of waves inducing the stratospheric GWs. The frequency of reconstruction gravity waves varies with time, and the meridional wavenumber varies with latitude. The GW intensity (GWI) has two peak values during the interested period from 10 to 11 August 2019. The first peak in GWI is the result of the in‐phase superposition of the GWs induced by the jet stream and the typhoon, when the two waves propagate almost in the same direction. The second intensity peak occurred when the trough moved away. The correlation between GWI and the typhoon and the trough are analyzed. It is found that the main factor affecting the changes of GWI is the northward movement of the trough. The location and strength of the typhoon and trough and their interaction are used to fit variations in GWI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influences of the Mid‐Latitude Westerly Trough on Stratospheric Gravity Waves Generated by Typhoon Lekima (2019)

et al. 2021

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“…1(a). The lowest sea level pressure of Lekima was 925 hPa and the highest 10-m maximum wind speed was 54 m/s according to the best-track data of Japan Meteorological Agency (Zheng et al 2019).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling morphodynamic responses of a natural embayed beach to Typhoon Lekima encountering different tide types

Liu

Kuang

Huang

et al. 2022

Anthropocene Coasts

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Recent developments in process-based coastal area models such as XBeach provide new opportunities to predict coastal responses to primary forcing mechanisms such as storm hydrodynamic by using 2DH grids. However, due to the lack of measured data, there are few application scenarios of the models. Therefore, more measurement and research are needed. In this paper, the Typhoon Lekima that hitting Zhejiang Province during neap tide period was selected to simulate morphodynamic responses of the Huangcheng Beach by assuming encountering with different tide types. Cross shore measurements with eight cross-shore profiles (named S1 ~ S8 from north to south) of the Huangcheng Beach pre- and post- the Typhoon Lekima respectively were presented. Then a 2DH storm surge and wave coupled model was established with Delft3D Flow/Wave. The model was well calibrated with measured water levels and wave data and provided hydrodynamic boundary conditions of different typhoon and tide types coupling situations for a refined model. The refined model was built using XBeach and simulated the morphological responses of the Huangcheng beach with well verifications. On basis of the numerical results, bed level changes at the eight profiles were analyzed, and the character of erosion and deposition under different tide conditions were illustrated. The net sand volume changes were got smaller under the spring tide condition rather than middle tide and neap tide conditions. Further study of the distribution of wave induced current at different stages of collision, inundation and ebb shown that the stronger current under spring tide condition would increase the sediment transport rate and reduce the deposition volume at profiles S3 and S6 ~ S8, and the total amount of sediment involved in transportation had increased for the whole beach, leading to the reduction of net erosion volume at profiles S1, S2, S4 and S5.

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“…These differences between the power-law k −3 and k −5/3 dependences of the atmospheric energy are crucial to understand the role of the different scales. Although the formation mechanisms of the energetic curve are still a topic of research, particularly for the mesoscale k −5/3 slope (Gage, 1979;Tung and Orlando, 2003;Skamarock, 2004;Tulloch and Smith, 2006;Wang et al, 2018;Zheng et al, 2020), the observed atmospheric spectrum has been replicated by many numerical weather prediction (NWP) models (Skamarock, 2004;Hamilton et al, 2008;Skamarock et al, 2014). Understanding the dynamics of the mesoscale HKE spectrum provides knowledge beyond the academic interest and into practical terms, as it is crucial to computing error growth and numerical forecasting system accuracy (Lorenz, 1969;Ricard et al, 2013;Skamarock et al, 2014;Weyn and Durran 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal kinetic energy analysis of tropical transition simulations with the WRF and HARMONIE‐AROME models

Calvo-Sancho

Bolgiani

Díaz-Blanco

et al. 2023

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Four tropical transition (TT) events in the North Atlantic basin are simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and the HARMONIE‐AROME (HAR) models to study the main features of the horizontal kinetic energy (HKE) spectra of this kind of high‐energetic atmospheric systems. Though most of the times similar results are obtained with both models, HAR shows a more intense filtering and numerical dissipation, whereas WRF tends to represent over‐energized spectra in the synoptic scale and especially at smaller wavelengths. Predictability is dissimilar for the four TTs studied due to the different spectral curve slope obtained for each case, ranging from unlimited to very poor predictability at synoptic scale. Additionally, an increased HKE is presented in the middle‐upper troposphere spectra.A deep analysis of the different terms involved in the equation of the spectral energy budget is presented through a detailed study of one of these TTs. The role of all of them is studied, connecting the energy spectra and the meteorological processes involved. The energy budget terms related to the non‐linear spectral transfer, the three‐dimensional divergence and diabatic process tendencies are identified as the key ones, whereas the potential and kinetic conversion terms, and the vertical flux HKE and pressure divergence terms play a secondary role on modulating the spectrum behaviour. The major energetic contributions are found at the synoptic scale, but results show that a two‐dimensional energy cascade does not fully capture the whole spectrum of a TT. The role of convection, latent heat release and moist convection outbursts is sketched and a link within different vertical levels is found. Results show that a high‐energetic system, such as a TT, can effectively alter the atmospheric energy behaviour.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Characteristics of Atmospheric Kinetic Energy Spectra during the Intensification of Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Influences of the Mid‐Latitude Westerly Trough on Stratospheric Gravity Waves Generated by Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Influences of the Mid‐Latitude Westerly Trough on Stratospheric Gravity Waves Generated by Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Modelling morphodynamic responses of a natural embayed beach to Typhoon Lekima encountering different tide types

Horizontal kinetic energy analysis of tropical transition simulations with the WRF and HARMONIE‐AROME models

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