Characteristics of Plasmids in Multi-Drug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated during Prospective Surveillance of a Newly Opened Hospital in Iraq

Huang, Xiaofang; Frye, Jonathan G.; Chahine, Mohamad A.; Glenn, LaShanda M.; Ake, Julie A; Su, Wanwen; Nikolich, Mikeljon P.; Lesho, Emil

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040360

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Integrons in Enterobacteriaceae carry genes encoding resistance to unrelated antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and chloramphenicol (32). There are also examples of plasmids without integrons in Enterobacteriaceae carrying antibiotic resistance genes for multiple drug classes, such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and sulfamethoxazole (33).…”

Section: Explanations For the Origin Of Mdr Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Proliferation of Multiple-Drug Resistance in Bacterial Pathogens

Chang

Cohen

Grad

et al. 2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

207

143

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SUMMARY Many studies report the high prevalence of multiply drug-resistant (MDR) strains. Because MDR infections are often significantly harder and more expensive to treat, they represent a growing public health threat. However, for different pathogens, different underlying mechanisms are traditionally used to explain these observations, and it is unclear whether each bacterial taxon has its own mechanism(s) for multidrug resistance or whether there are common mechanisms between distantly related pathogens. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the causes of the excess of MDR infections and define testable predictions made by each hypothetical mechanism, including experimental, epidemiological, population genomic, and other tests of these hypotheses. Better understanding the cause(s) of the excess of MDR is the first step to rational design of more effective interventions to prevent the origin and/or proliferation of MDR.

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Section: Explanations For the Origin Of Mdr Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Proliferation of Multiple-Drug Resistance in Bacterial Pathogens

Chang

Cohen

Grad

et al. 2015

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

207

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…and E. coli contain plasmids, which molecular weight greater than 10 kbp in size as shown in the figure 1 and 2. These types of big plasmids could contain lot of genes including antimicrobial-resistant ones (Huang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Fig 1 Plasmid Isoltaes Of Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of spp. and Escherichia coli of laying chicken

2017

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Multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria are the most common causes of diseases in commercial poultry, and antibiotic resistance of these organisms is often plasmid mediated. In Bangladesh such types of data are very much scarce. In this study, the antibiogram profile of Salmonella spp and E. coli isolates from 20 either clinically affected or dead laying chicken obtained from 10 commercial layer farms was performed. And MDR pattern was determined by using 7 common antimicrobials followed by isolation of plasmids to correlate between plasmids and drug resistance. Of these tested samples, 70-100% of both Salmonella Spp and E. coli were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin) cephalexin and cotrimoxazole while 60-90% isolates of both species were susceptible to both ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Isolates of both Salmonella spp and E. coli contain plasmids above 10 kbp size which might contain MDR genes. This is the first report on the characterization of plasmids found in both Salmonella spp and E. coli isolates obtained from a significant number of commercial layer farms (N=10) in Chittagong District, Bangladesh. The gathered information furthers our understanding of the mechanisms of drug resistance in specific region related to other parts of the country and world. The large plasmids might be potential factors for dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes regionally.

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“…New resistance mechanisms are emerging and spreading globally, threatening the ability to treat common infectious diseases resulting in prolonged illness and death (WHO, 2016) and a number of factors have been reported to be responsible for the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes among bacterial population plasmid mediated being one of the most significant (Huang et al, 2012). The test bacterial isolates in this study displayed high level of multiple antibiotic resistance to some of the test antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Plasmid mediated resistance in multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from children with suspected septicaemia in Zaria, Nigeria

AbdulAziz¹,

Ehinmidu²,

Adeshina³

et al. 2017

Bayero J. Pure App. Sci.

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Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. The knowledge of the epidemiological and antimicrobial pattern of common pathogens that cause septicaemia is useful for prompt treatment of patients. Fifty-five (55) clinical isolates from children with suspected septicaemia were used for the study. The isolates include Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Proteus spp and Pseudomonas spp. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolated bacteria associated with septicaemia in children were carried out using standard microbiological protocol. The MAR index for the test bacterial isolates was determined and the bacterial isolates that displayed multiple antibiotic resistance were investigated for the presence of resistant factor such as plasmids. The sizes of the plasmid observed in the bacterial isolates were determined using agarose gel electrophoresis. Observations made from the agarose gel electrophoresis showed that majority of the multiple antibiotic resistant isolates haboured plasmids DNA of different sizes viz: 10.00 Kb, 8.71 Kb, 7.08 Kb, 1.02 Kb, 1.00 Kb, 0. 98 Kb and 0.87 Kb. The plasmid analysis of the results obtained in this study showed that the predominant plasmid molecular size was 977bp which occurred frequently among the Citrobacter spp and Staph aureus. These findings suggest an increased resistance to the antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of septicaemia, and the observed presence of plasmids in some of the test bacteria isolated shows that they could have been acquired from multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria in the community under investigation.

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Characteristics of Plasmids in Multi-Drug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated during Prospective Surveillance of a Newly Opened Hospital in Iraq

Cited by 46 publications

References 29 publications

Origin and Proliferation of Multiple-Drug Resistance in Bacterial Pathogens

Origin and Proliferation of Multiple-Drug Resistance in Bacterial Pathogens

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of spp. and Escherichia coli of laying chicken

Plasmid mediated resistance in multidrug resistant bacteria isolated from children with suspected septicaemia in Zaria, Nigeria

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