Characteristics of the secretory structures in the flowers of Rosa rugosa Thunb.

Abstract

<p>Due to the presence of secondary metabolites exhibiting pharmacological activity, the flowers of <em>Rosa rugosa</em> Thunb. have found application in traditional and folk medicine. The essential oil obtained from them is also considered to be a phytoncide. The morphological and anatomical characters of glandular trichomes located on the sepals of <em>R. rugosa </em>were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Using histochemical tests, the type of secretion produced in the trichomes was determined and its contents were compared with the secretion produced by the papillae on the petals.</p><p>It was found that multicellular glandular trichomes, having the features of colleters, and non-glandular trichomes were located on the abaxial epidermis, while only non-glandular trichomes were situated on the adaxial epidermis. The stalk cells of the glandular trichomes are arranged in multiple rows, whereas the epidermal cells of the head are arranged radially. The capitate trichomes were classified into two types: short and long trichomes. The largest density of glandular trichomes was recorded in the basal abaxial epidermis and in the middle part of the sepals. During the initial stages of bud development, the glandular hairs were green colored, whereas in the next development stages they changed the color to red. The histochemical tests used allowed us to find that the trichomes on the sepals and the papille on the petals produced lipid substances, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids. Sesquiterpenes were found only in the secretion of the glandular hairs on the sepals.</p>

Morphological and anatomical evaluation of herbal drugs sold under the name of Gül (Rosa damascena Mill.) in Turkey

“…The anatomical structure of Rosa damascena flowers was shown similarity with Rosa rugosa thunb. flowers in terms of glandular hair structures, druses, papillae with the petal surface, cuticular striations on the petal surface [32]. Besides, no different findings were observed in the powdered drug samples purchased from the market and standard sample with the conducted anatomical studies.…”

Dynamics of serious pest ofMetopolophium dirhodum(Walk.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on shrubs ofRosa rugosaThunb.

“…Due to the presence of secondary metabolites exhibiting pharmacological activity, the flowers of R. rugosa are applied in traditional and folk medicine. The essential oils obtained from them are also considered to be phytoncides [4]. Petals of the R. rugosa flowers are valued as raw material, while rose oil [5,6], is used in health therapy instead of fruits [7].…”

“…The flowers of R. rugosa are also used as an agent counteracting toxins, among others as an antidote in antimony intoxication, improving appetite and function of kidney. It has been also shown that rose oil can be included in active phytoncides affecting microorganisms resistant to antibiotics [4][5].…”