Characterization and Treatment Proposals of Shipboard Slop Wastewater Contaminated by Hydrocarbons

Campo, Riccardo; Giustra, Maria Gabriella; Marchis, Mauro De; Freni, Gabriele; Bella, Gaetano Di

doi:10.3390/w9080581

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This proposal would minimize the use of waste treatment plant on the shore side. This idea was also reinforced by the results achieved by other authors [2,5,11,12]. Thus, McLaughlin et al [13] noted that the current treatment systems (Oil Water Separators) for on-board bilge water treatment (Annex I) generally reduced the majority of other potentially harmful pollutants, which are not currently regulated, with the exception of some heavy metals.…”

Section: A Brief Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

Social Cost Benefit Analysis of Port Handling Plans for Annex IV waste of MARPOL: A Case Study in Las Palmas Port

2020

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This paper analyzes the effectiveness of Directive (EU) 2019/883 from the social interest perspective. To achieve this aim, it assesses the performance of the sewage treatment plan (Annex IV of MARPOL) in Las Palmas Port and the accomplishment of the Cost Recovery System. This involves reviewing the mandatory fees for landing the sewage in the port, the sewage treatment costs and the environmental impact of the treated effluent from the vessels (environmental benefits) and addressing technical difficulties in order to meet the normative standard required from the vessels' sewage in the framework of Las Palmas Port. Through a cost-benefit analysis not only the current protocol for the reception and treatment of Annex IV waste in the port is assessed, but also alternative waste treatment plans (sewage routes) are discussed in terms of social interest. The results of the paper show that only when the treated sewage is reused are the costs assumed to implement the directive overtaken by the benefits gained from complying with it. Consequently, the port authorities should address their efforts in this direction, as should the policy makers, who should integrate in the international normative the collaboration of the on-board sewage treatment plants to meet the PPP (Polluter Pays Principle).

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Section: A Brief Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 93%

Social Cost Benefit Analysis of Port Handling Plans for Annex IV waste of MARPOL: A Case Study in Las Palmas Port

2020

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“…Chemical de-emulsification, heteroazeotropic distillation, centrifugation, and gravity-based separation are effective methods for engineering the separation of mixed water/oil streams but have limited ability to separate recalcitrant and geographically dispersed emulsions, and furthermore, they are oftentimes cost prohibitive, energy intensive, and slow. Recalcitrant emulsions (slop oil and wastewater) and oil spills in natural aquatic environments have acquired particular notoriety owing to their relative intractability to common separation methods. − Membrane-based methods for engineering the separation of water/oil mixtures have attracted increasing attention , but remain plagued by issues related to slow flux rates, pore blockage from the accumulation of silt and asphaltenes, and limited thermal robustness and chemical stability. − In contrast to membranes exhibiting selective permeation of oil and retention of water along surface tension gradients, we demonstrate here the design of a robust thermally stable membrane exhibiting a superoleophobic and superhydrophilic character that allows for retention of oil and selective permeation of water at rapid flux rates, thereby enabling the high-efficiency separation of mixed water/oil streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Functionalized Tetrapodal ZnO Membranes Exhibiting Superoleophobic and Superhydrophilic Character for Water/Oil Separation Based on Differential Wettability

et al. 2019

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Achieving the efficacious and rapid separation of mixed water/oil streams has emerged as a fundamental imperative in order to facilitate extraction of fossil fuels by methods such as cyclic steam stimulation as well as to mitigate the potentially calamitous impact of oil spills in natural aquatic environments. Here, we demonstrate functionalized ZnO nanotetrapodal membranes combining the micrometer-scale texturation of underlying stainless steel meshes with the nanoscale texturation of an enmeshed interconnected porous network of ZnO tetrapods, the conformal adhesion afforded by an amorphous silica layer, and the low surface energy of surface-deposited perfluorinated sulfonate layers. The membranes exhibit pronounced differential wettability and selectively permeate water whilst retaining oil. The multivariate design space of the architectures has been evaluated to determine the mesh size and ZnO loading that yield the highest separation efficiencies. Oil content in recovered water is reduced to <300 ppm while maintaining a flux rate of greater than 325 L/(m 2 •h). The functioning of the membranes can be understood in terms of the creation of differential Cassie−Baxter nonwetting and Wenzel wetting regimes for oil and water, respectively.

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“…Campo et al [52] compared data from three stand-alone treatments of shipboard slop wastewater produced by the washing of oil tankers with seawater and characterized by high salinity (39 g/L of NaCl) and hydrocarbon contents (TPH of 135 ± 38 mg/L). The treatments were (1) a chemical treatment of coagulation-flocculation with aluminum sulphate as coagulant and an anionic flocculant, (2) a physical treatment of adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC), (3) two biological treatments represented by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) with soft polyurethane sponges.…”

Section: Aerobic Bioreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Bioreactor Treatments of Hydrocarbon-Containing Wastewater

2020

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This review discusses bioreactor-based methods for industrial hydrocarbon-containing wastewater treatment using different (e.g., stirred-tank, membrane, packed-bed and fluidized-bed) constructions. Aerobic, anaerobic and hybrid bioreactors are becoming increasingly popular in the field of oily wastewater treatment, while high concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons usually require physico-chemical pre-treatments. Most efficient bioreactor techniques employ immobilized cultures of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, either defined consortia or mixed natural populations. Some advantages of fluidized-bed bioreactors over other types of reactors are shown, such as large biofilm–liquid interfacial area, high immobilized biomass concentration and improved mass transfer characteristics. Several limitations, including low nutrient content and the presence of heavy metals or toxicants, as well as fouling and contamination with nuisance microorganisms, can be overcome using effective inocula and advanced bioreactor designs. The examples of laboratory studies and few successful pilot/full-scale applications are given relating to the biotreatment of oilfield wastewater, fuel-contaminated water and refinery effluents.

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Characterization and Treatment Proposals of Shipboard Slop Wastewater Contaminated by Hydrocarbons

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Social Cost Benefit Analysis of Port Handling Plans for Annex IV waste of MARPOL: A Case Study in Las Palmas Port

Social Cost Benefit Analysis of Port Handling Plans for Annex IV waste of MARPOL: A Case Study in Las Palmas Port

Functionalized Tetrapodal ZnO Membranes Exhibiting Superoleophobic and Superhydrophilic Character for Water/Oil Separation Based on Differential Wettability

Advanced Bioreactor Treatments of Hydrocarbon-Containing Wastewater

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