free calcium ions are common second messengers in plant cells. the calcineurin B-like protein (cBL) is a special calcium sensor that plays an important role in plant growth and stress response. in this study, we obtained three CBL genes (GenBank accession nos. KX013374, KX013375, and KX013376) from sugarcane variety ROC22. The open reading frames of ScCBL genes ranged from 642 to 678 base pairs in length and encoded polypeptides from 213 to 225 amino acids in length. ScCBL2-1, ScCBL3-1, and ScCBL4 were all located in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. ScCBL2-1 and ScCBL3-1 expression was up-regulated by treatment with salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 o 2 ), polyethylene glycol (peG), sodium chloride (nacl), or copper chloride (cucl 2 ). ScCBL4 expression was down-regulated in response to all of these stresses (abscisic acid (ABA), SA, MeJA, and nacl) except for H 2 o 2 , calcium chloride (cacl 2 ), peG, and cucl 2 . expression in Escherichia coli BL21 cells showed that SccBLs can enhance tolerance to nacl or copper stress. overexpression of ScCBLs in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves promoted their resistance to infection with the tobacco pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. the results from the present study facilitate further research regarding ScCBL genes, and in particular, their roles in the response to various stresses in sugarcane.Calcium (Ca 2+ ) is an important inorganic nutritive element and a ubiquitous second messenger 1 . Ca 2+ not only plays a vital role in maintaining the stability of the cell wall, cell membrane, and membrane binding proteins, but also is widely involved in the regulation and control of plant growth and development, as well as response to external environmental stimuli 2 . In plants, intracellular Ca 2+ sensors accurately recognize specific Ca 2+ signatures that are generated in response to different external stimuli 3 . Under adverse conditions, cell signal transduction receptors on the plant cell membrane recognize the stimulus signal, and then activate the Ca 2+ channel protein through phosphorylation, thereby leading to an instantaneous increased in the Ca 2+ concentration in the cytoplasm, which produces the "Ca 2+ signal" 4 . Ca 2+ sensors in plants detect this stress-induced Ca 2+ signal and deliver it to downstream effectors, activating a signal cascade reaction that regulates resistance and tolerance 5 . Ca 2+ sensors can be divided into two main types according to their structural features. One type is the sensor responders, including calcium-dependent protein kinases and calmodulins, which have all the functions of Ca 2+ sensor relay proteins, as well as the kinase activity 6 . The other type is the sensor relays, including calmodulin-like proteins and CBL, which do not have kinase activity. Sensor relays can specifically target downstream proteins to transfer the perceived Ca 2+ signals in response to various environmental stimuli 6 .CBL, a Ca 2+ sensor relay protein that is expressed in a wide range of plants, can interact with a family of s...