Characterization of coagulase negative staphylococci from cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Kampala, Uganda

Björk, Sandra; Båge, Renée; Kanyima, Benon M; André, Susanne; Nassuna-Musoke, Maria G.; Owiny, David Okello; Persson, Ylva

doi:10.1186/2046-0481-67-12

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In a similar way, [ 39 ] found the CNS, coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS; S. aureus ), the environmental streptococci, and coliforms as the prevalent mastitis pathogens associated with SCM in lactating cows. The predominance of CNS in SCM in this study is also in line with the findings of [ 40 ] in Czech Republic, [ 27 , 41 ] in Uganda, and [ 42 ] in Canada. The high predominance of CNS in the current study areas can be explained by poor milking hygienic practices in the farms, coupled by nonuse of teat dips and lack of routine mastitis screening tests; these provide an opportunity for the CNS to invade the udder and develop into an intramammary infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda

Mpatswenumugabo

Bebora

Gitao

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Medicine

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2016 to January 2017 in Rubavu and Nyabihu districts, Western Rwanda, aiming at estimating the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and identifying its causative bacteria. Management practices and milking procedures were recorded through a questionnaire. 123 crossbreed milking cows from 13 dairy farms were randomly selected and screened for SCM using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Composite CMT positive milk samples were processed for bacterial isolation and identification. The overall SCM prevalence at cow level was 50.4%. 68 bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical characteristics. They included, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (51.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.6%), Streptococcus species (10.3%), Bacillus species (10.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (5.8%), and Escherichia coli (1.5%). About 67.1% of the farmers checked for mastitis; of these, 58.9% relied on clinical signs and only 6.8% screened with CMT. Only 5.5% and 2.7% of the farmers tried to control mastitis using dry cow therapy and teat dips, respectively. Thus, to reduce the prevalence of SCM, farmers in the study area need to be trained on good milking practices, including regular use of teat dips, application of dry cow therapy, and SCM screening. This will improve their sales and their financial status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda

Mpatswenumugabo

Bebora

Gitao

et al. 2017

Journal of Veterinary Medicine

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“…Recently, CNS have been considered as important mastitis pathogens worldwide, although markers that discern colonization from infection are yet to be identified. Furthermore, many species exhibit antibacterial resistance (Lüthje and Schwarz, 2006;Björk et al, 2014;May et al, 2014) and serve as a reservoir for resistance genes as well as for SCCmec elements that can be exchanged between different species. This includes transmission to clinically more relevant S. aureus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococci in cattle and buffaloes with mastitis in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

El-Ashker

Gwida

Tomaso

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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The aim of this study was to provide the first detailed insight into the population structure of Staphylococcus aureus in one modern dairy farm (Gamasa) and several household cows and buffaloes in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Eight hundred seventy-two quarter milk samples of 218 dairy cattle and buffaloes with clinical and subclinical mastitis were investigated. Bacteria were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and staphylococci were further characterized by DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and microarray analysis. Staphylococcus aureus was present in 5.6% of all collected samples, whereas methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) represented 24.5% of all identified S. aureus (12/49). Six clonal complexes (CC) of S. aureus were detected. Staphylococcus aureus CC398 (ST291/813)-MSSA (methicillin-susceptible S. aureus) was identified frequently in the Gamasa farm in addition to a few CC5-MRSA-V isolates. However, a small number of different isolates of S. aureus were found in household cattle and buffaloes harboring different CC. The presence of these genotypes of S. aureus in milk might indicate a public health hazard, because all of these CC have previously been isolated from human patients. Thus, a recommendation was given to the owner of the dairy farm to review the hygiene regimen on the farm. In perspective, further investigation regarding S. aureus screening of all lactating cows and personnel on the farm is warranted.

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“…Conversely, in an Uganda study, all cattle staphylococcal isolates showed 100% resistance to penicillin G and ampicillin and were b-lactamase producers, with b-lactamase production also being observed in 80% of CoNS isolates. 100 Intramammary infusions of either tetracycline or ampicillin were commonly used in mastitis cases, and this could partly be responsible for resistance observed against tetracycline (33%). Improved milking practices such as use of milking machines instead of hand milking and improved udder hygiene are important.…”

Section: Occurrence Role and Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Suspectedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Clinically and Epidemiologically Relevant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Africa

Asante

Amoako

Abia

et al. 2020

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have engendered substantial interest in recent years as pathogenic causes of infections in both human and veterinary medicine, especially in the immunocompromised, critically ill, long-term hospitalized and in those harboring invasive medical devices such as catheters. They have been implicated in infections such as urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and invasive device-related infections, and are responsible for substantial economic losses in livestock production. The advancement of diagnostic techniques has increased our understanding of their molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity, even though distinguishing between innocuousness and pathogenicity is still challenging. The incidence of CoNS varied across the continent in humans and animals (mainly cattle), ranging from 6% to 68% in suspected human infections and from 3% to 61.7% in suspected animal infections, distributed across different geographic locations. Furthermore, there were varying antibiotic resistance patterns observed in CoNS isolates, with high methicillin resistance in some cases, leading to crossresistance against many antibiotics. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Staphylococcus xylosus were most commonly reported in studies herein reviewed, while the enterotoxin C gene, atl E gene, ica gene, and hemolysin virulence factors were linked with enhanced pathogenicity. Advancement in identification and typing methods, including whole genome sequencing, virulence screening, and the assessment of the immune status of subjects in studies will help to thoroughly assess the true pathogenic potential of isolated CoNS species in developing countries. Careful antibiotic stewardship guidelines should be followed due to the ability of CoNS to develop multidrug resistance.

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Characterization of coagulase negative staphylococci from cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Kampala, Uganda

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda

Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda

Staphylococci in cattle and buffaloes with mastitis in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt

Review of Clinically and Epidemiologically Relevant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Africa

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