Characterization of Egyptian Moringa oleifera Lipids (Whole Seeds and Kernels)

Abstract

Moringa seeds (Moringa oleifera) are rich in oil contents, the purpose of this study is to extract the oil from the whole seeds and kernels of the Egyptian Moringa by cold and hot extraction methods and to study the effect of extraction method on the composition of fatty acids, tocopherols and triglycerides in extracted oil. The results indicated that the amount of extracted oil by hot extraction were 28.85% and 39.23% and by cold extraction were 21.39% and 29.34% for whole seeds and kernels, respectively. The main saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in both were behenic (6.76 -6.49%) and oleic (66.22 -65.78%) acids. Palmitic acid was higher in the kernels than in the whole seeds (5.90 -5.55%), while vaccenic acid was higher in the whole seeds than in the kernels (6.33 -6.15%), respectively. After cold extraction, stearic and behenic acids increased in whole seeds (4.55 to 5.51%), (6.76 to 7.67%) and kernels (4.45 to 5.52%), (6.49 to 7.85%), respectively. While, oleic, vaccenic, linoleic and gondoic acids decreased by cold extraction in whole seeds and kernels. Tocopherols obtained from kernels were more than whole seeds. α-Tocopherol by hot extraction in the kernels and the whole seeds was 20.92 and 14.61 mg/100g, respectively. Using cold extraction in kernels caused significant decrease in α-Tocopherol (20.92 -16.82 mg/100g). A significant difference appeared between whole seeds and kernels in the triglycerides (2,3-dioleyl-1palmitoylglycerol) "POO" (15.64% and 15.86%) and (1,2,3 trioleylglycerol) "OOO" (34.22 and 34.32%). After cold extraction in both, triglycerides (1,3-distearoyl-2-oleylglycerol) "SOS" and (2,3-dioleyl-1-stearoyl) "SOO" increased (1.77 -2.17% and 9.82 -11.25% whole seeds) and (1.80 -2.07% and 9.86 -11.38% kernels).

Oxidative stability ofOpuntia ficus-indicaseeds oil blending withMoringa oleiferaseeds oil☆

“…aand g-tocopherols were the highest tocopherols in MSO and CSO and the values were within the ranges reported by others (Taoufik et al, 2015;Gharby et al, 2015;Al-Juhaimi et al, 2017;Salama et al, 2018). aand g-tocopherols in MSO and CSO and their blends during storage for four weeks at 50°C were presented in Tables 6 and 7.…”

Composition and Characterization of Cold Pressed <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Seed Oil

“…Among these TAGs, the glycerol trioleate (OOO) was the most abundant (32.42±0.12％) followed in descending order by the glyc-erol palmitate-dioleate (POO) , the glycerol stearate-dioleate (SOO) , and the glycerol stearate-linoleate-oleate (SLO) with respective values of 14.12±0.06％, 11.97±0.05％, and 9.72±0.02％. The predominance of the glycerol trioleate, the glycerol palmitate-dioleate (POO) , and the glycerol stearate-dioleate (SOO) is in accordance with previous studies conducted by Abdulkarim et al 7) and Salama et al 23) on Malysian and Egyptian MoSO extracted by petroleum ether, respectively. In fact, the latter found that trioleate (OOO) was the predominant TAG with a content varying between 33.75％ and 36.70％.…”

Triacylglycerol characterisation of Moringa oleifera seed oil by LC‐Q‐TOF and ESI

“…Currently, while we are aware that several have already attempted to characterise MOSO (Tsaknis et al ., 1999; Anwar & Bhanger, 2003; Abdulkarim et al ., 2005; Salama et al ., 2018); a full literature search shows that there is almost no additional TAG information since Abdulkarim et al . (2005), who studied the characterisation of MOSO and found 13.9% of unidentified TAG using an HPLC instrument with detector RID.…”

“…Salama et al . (2018) used gas chromatography to characterise the TAG of Egyptian MOSO lipids, using gas chromatography to show the relative percentage of TAG peaks and TAG ID determination but found unidentified TAG data approximately 14.12–15.93%.…”

“…(2016) and Salama et al . (2018), because the MOSO used by Zhao et al . (2019) for example, showed the low presence of C22:0 fatty acid.…”