2008
DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2007.912896
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Characterization of Fluorescence Lifetime of Photofrin and Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid Induced Protoporphyrin IX in Living Cells Using Single- and Two-Photon Excitation

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Cited by 36 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…5-ALA is an endogenous heme precursor that can lead to phototoxic PpIX synthesis through ferrochelatase inside the mitochondria. [70]. The fluorescence lifetimes of both drugs in methanol or cells agreed well with previous studies [31,43,45], as summarized in Table 4.…”
Section: Binding To Biomoleculessupporting
confidence: 89%
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“…5-ALA is an endogenous heme precursor that can lead to phototoxic PpIX synthesis through ferrochelatase inside the mitochondria. [70]. The fluorescence lifetimes of both drugs in methanol or cells agreed well with previous studies [31,43,45], as summarized in Table 4.…”
Section: Binding To Biomoleculessupporting
confidence: 89%
“…TRF studies relevant to different PDT photosensitizers have been reported by several research groups in the past decades [31,43,45,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. FDA-approved PDT photosensitizers include Photofrin ® , 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX (ALA-PpIX), and verteporphyrin, Other photosensitizing agents in research stage, such as mTHPC (m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin, Foscan ® ), phthalocyanine (Pc) compounds, and chlorin-based compounds (i.e., HPPH), also showed promising results in terms of their singlet oxygen yield and more red-shifted absorption bands [77].…”
Section: Time-resolved Studies Of Pdt Photosensitizers In Solution Anmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…34,54,55 As such, changes in fluorophore lifetime can be potential noninvasive biomarkers for investigating and visualizing the local microvascular changes, photophysical processes, and photochemical reactions at molecular and cellular levels. [55][56][57][58][59] For example, microscopic TD imaging has been applied for studying photobleaching and lifetime dynamics of PDT photosensitizers in cells. 55,56,60,61 In this paper, we report the application of TD-FDOT for 3-D reconstructions of the fluorescence yield and lifetime of the photosensitizer HPPH in vivo before and after PDT.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[55][56][57][58][59] For example, microscopic TD imaging has been applied for studying photobleaching and lifetime dynamics of PDT photosensitizers in cells. 55,56,60,61 In this paper, we report the application of TD-FDOT for 3-D reconstructions of the fluorescence yield and lifetime of the photosensitizer HPPH in vivo before and after PDT. We first describe a TD-FDOT system, which employs an ultra-short pulse laser, gated imaging, and time-delay techniques.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%