Characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica strains potentially virulent for humans and animals in river water

Abstract

Most research focuses on food or sewage as a source of Y. enterocolitica infections. Little is known about the occurrence of this pathogen in natural waters. Our results show that natural waters are also a potential threat to human and animal health.

Detection, characterization, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Yersinia enterocolitica in different types of wastewater in the Czech Republic

“…enterocolitica is water (Seshadhri et al, 2015). The presence of the pathogen has been reported in surface waters and fresh water such as rivers, natural and artificial lakes, wells, streams, and bodies of water in forests (Cheyne et al, 2010; Li et al, 2018; Seshadhri et al, 2015; Terech‐Majewska et al, 2016). Y .…”

“…Pigs are considered the main reservoir of human-pathogenic strains (Fois et al, 2018;Raymond et al, 2019;Thong et al, 2018;Verbikova et al, 2018). Furthermore, a wide range of livestock animals, domestic pets, wild, and game animals can also act as natural reservoirs for Y. enterocolitica (Bonardi et al, 2018;Syczyło et al, 2018;Terech-Majewska et al, 2016).…”

“…Although Y. enterocolitica belongs to the Yersiniaceae family, unlike other pathogenic enterobacteria, it is a psychrotolerant microorganism that is able to proliferate at low temperature (4-8°C). This characteristic enables its survival in the environment for a long time, with high survival rates ranging from 87 to 400 days (Bonardi et al, 2018;Syczyło et al, 2018;Terech-Majewska et al, 2016).…”

“…Y. enterocolitica isolated from aquatic ecosystems exhibits resistance to external stressors, such as fluctuations in temperature and pH (Syczyło et al, 2018;Terech-Majewska et al, 2016). Although Y. enterocolitica belongs to the Yersiniaceae family, unlike other pathogenic enterobacteria, it is a psychrotolerant microorganism that is able to proliferate at low temperature (4-8°C).…”

Properties of Two Broad Host Range Phages of Yersinia enterocolitica Isolated from Wild Animals

“…Infections by this species may be caused by the consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked pork [ 6 ]. However, raw milk, water and vegetables like, e.g., mixed salad contaminated with Y. enterocolitica have also been reported as possible sources of infection [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Indeed, game animals that may contaminate food are known to contain this agent as well [ 10 , 11 ].…”