Characterization of nociceptive behavioural responses in the awake pig following <scp>UV</scp>–<scp>B</scp>‐induced inflammation

Giminiani, Pierpaolo Di; Petersen, Lars Jelstrup; Herskin, Mette S.

doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00340.x

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…MNT data were obtained using a handheld PAM device in conjunction with previously validated assessment and data analysis protocols 27, 28 , through which the consistency of individual levels of MNT, and the variability associated with different animal ages, and anatomical tail locations were determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of short- and long-term mechanical sensitisation following surgical tail amputation in pigs

Giminiani

Edwards

Malcolm

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Commercial pigs are frequently exposed to tail mutilations in the form of preventive husbandry procedures (tail docking) or as a result of abnormal behaviour (tail biting). Although tissue and nerve injuries are well-described causes of pain hypersensitivity in humans and in rodent animal models, there is no information on the changes in local pain sensitivity induced by tail injuries in pigs. To determine the temporal profile of sensitisation, pigs were exposed to surgical tail resections and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNT) were measured in the acute (one week post-operatively) and in the long-term (either eight or sixteen weeks post-surgery) phase of recovery. The influence of the degree of amputation on MNTs was also evaluated by comparing three different tail-resection treatments (intact, ‘short tail’, ‘long tail’). A significant reduction in MNTs one week following surgery suggests the occurrence of acute sensitisation. Long-term hypersensitivity was also observed in tail-resected pigs at either two or four months following surgery. Tail amputation in pigs appears to evoke acute and sustained changes in peripheral mechanical sensitivity, which resemble features of neuropathic pain reported in humans and other species and provides new information on implications for the welfare of animals subjected to this type of injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of short- and long-term mechanical sensitisation following surgical tail amputation in pigs

Giminiani

Edwards

Malcolm

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…A reproducible response was observed at 1400 mA, and this current was used in subsequent testing. A specialized testing enclosure was constructed on the basis of other studies (40, 41). Animals were fasted overnight and trained to enter this enclosure to obtain morning meal, allowing habituation before testing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT-guided injection of a TRPV1 agonist around dorsal root ganglia decreases pain transmission in swine

Brown

Saeed

et al. 2015

Sci. Transl. Med.

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One approach to analgesia is to block pain at the site of origin or along the peripheral pathway by selectively ablating pain-transmitting neurons or nerve terminals directly. The heat/capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) expressed by nociceptive neurons is a compelling target for selective interventional analgesia because it leaves somatosensory and proprioceptive neurons intact. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), like capsaicin, is a TRPV1 agonist but has greater potency. We combine RTX-mediated inactivation with the precision of computed tomography (CT)–guided delivery to ablate peripheral pain fibers in swine. Under CT guidance, RTX was delivered unilaterally around the lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and vehicle only was administered to the contralateral side. During a 4-week observation period, animals demonstrated delayed or absent withdrawal responses to infrared laser heat stimuli delivered to sensory dermatomes corresponding to DRG receiving RTX treatment. Motor function was unimpaired as assessed by disability scoring and gait analysis. In treated DRG, TRPV1 mRNA expression was reduced, as were nociceptive neuronal perikarya in ganglia and their nerve terminals in the ipsilateral dorsal horn. CT guidance to precisely deliver RTX to sites of peripheral pain transmission in swine may be an approach that could be tailored to block an array of clinical pain conditions in patients.

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“…Methods for measuring thermal and mechanical nociceptive responses in awake pigs have been described, along with factors that may influence response thresholds (139–141). Models of cutaneous inflammatory pain, using capsaicin and UV-B irradiation have been used, demonstrating thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in pigs (142, 143). Most recently, the choice of the pig as model for preclinical research has led to the characterization of postsurgical pain through the quantification of mechanical nociceptive thresholds (116, 144).…”

Section: Pain Assessment In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

et al. 2016

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There is a moral obligation to minimize pain in pigs used for human benefit. In livestock production, pigs experience pain caused by management procedures, e.g., castration and tail docking, injuries from fighting or poor housing conditions, “management diseases” like mastitis or streptococcal meningitis, and at parturition. Pigs used in biomedical research undergo procedures that are regarded as painful in humans, but do not receive similar levels of analgesia, and pet pigs also experience potentially painful conditions. In all contexts, accurate pain assessment is a prerequisite in (a) the estimation of the welfare consequences of noxious interventions and (b) the development of more effective pain mitigation strategies. This narrative review identifies the sources of pain in pigs, discusses the various assessment measures currently available, and proposes directions for future investigation.

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Characterization of nociceptive behavioural responses in the awake pig following UV–B‐induced inflammation

Abstract: Our study shows that behavioural recordings are a valid tool for the assessment of thermal hyperalgesia following UV-B inflammation in porcine skin, but they were not capable of providing a clear indication of the development of mechanical hyperalgesia.

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Characterization of short- and long-term mechanical sensitisation following surgical tail amputation in pigs

Characterization of short- and long-term mechanical sensitisation following surgical tail amputation in pigs

CT-guided injection of a TRPV1 agonist around dorsal root ganglia decreases pain transmission in swine

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

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