Characterization of polystyrene‐<i>b</i>‐poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer and investigation of its micellization behavior in water

Ahmad, Farzana Kabir; Baloch, Musa Kaleem; Jamil, M.; Jeon, Y.J.

doi:10.1002/app.32165

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The CMC of those block copolymers, with similar molar ratio of hydrophile to hydrophobe compared to this study, was reported to be 4 × 10 −4 M . Another study with PS‐ block ‐poly(ethylene oxide) at higher molecular weights (16.2 kg mol −1 ) measured the CMC to be 55 × 10 −4 M . As expected, the block copolymers in this study exhibit lower CMCs due to their molecular weight being up to 2.5 times higher.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Poly(styrene/pentafluorostyrene)‐block‐poly(vinyl alcohol/vinylpyrrolidone) amphiphilic block copolymers for kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors: Synthesis, micellization behavior, and methane hydrate kinetic inhibition

Rajput

Colantuoni

Bayahya

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Amphiphilic block copolymers of short poly(styrene) (PS) or poly(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene) (PPFS) segments with comparatively longer poly(vinyl acetate) or poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) segments are synthesized using a 2‐cyanopropan‐2‐yl N‐methyl‐N‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)dithiocarbamate switchable reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent toward application as kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors (KHIs). Polymerization conditions are optimized to provide water‐soluble block copolymers by first polymerizing more activated monomers such as S and PFS to form a defined macro chain‐transfer agent (linear degree of polymerization with conversion, comparatively low dispersity) followed by chain extensions with less activated monomers VAc or VP by switching to the deprotonated form of the RAFT agent. The critical micelle concentrations of these amphiphilic block copolymers (after VAc unit hydrolysis to vinyl alcohol units) are measured using zeta surface potential measurements to estimate physical behavior once mixed with the hydrates. A PS‐poly(vinyl alcohol) block copolymer improved inhibition to 49% compared to the pure methane–water system with no KHIs. This inhibition was further reduced by 27% by substituting the PS with a more hydrophobic PPFS. A block copolymer of PS–PVP exhibited 20% greater inhibition than the PVP homopolymer and substituting PS with a more hydrophobic PPFS resulted in a 35% further decreased in methane KHI. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2445–2457, 56, 2445–2457

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Poly(styrene/pentafluorostyrene)‐block‐poly(vinyl alcohol/vinylpyrrolidone) amphiphilic block copolymers for kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors: Synthesis, micellization behavior, and methane hydrate kinetic inhibition

Rajput

Colantuoni

Bayahya

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…Peaks at 768 cm −1 (benzene bending) and 1608 cm −1 , 1496 cm −1 and 1454 cm −1 (benzene ring stretching), weak overtone and combination bands in the range of 1655–2000 cm −1 all be attributed to polystyrene24. The features at 1108 cm −1 (C-O-C stretch), 929 cm −1 (CH 2 PEO rocking modes), and 1752 cm −1 and 1719 cm −1 (C = O stretches of the ester and keto group respectively) as well as peaks at 2927 cm −1 and 2854 cm −1 (CH 2 PEO stretching modes) can all be assigned to the PEO block25. A broad band in the range of 3300–3700 cm −1 also appears due to alcohol type O-H stretching vibrations and/or atmospheric moisture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Size and space controlled hexagonal arrays of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanodots: magnetic studies and application

Ghoshal

Maity²,

Senthamaraikannan

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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Highly dense hexagonally arranged iron oxide nanodots array were fabricated using PS-b-PEO self-assembled patterns. The copolymer molecular weight, composition and choice of annealing solvent/s allows dimensional and structural control of the nanopatterns at large scale. A mechanism is proposed to create scaffolds through degradation and/or modification of cylindrical domains. A methodology based on selective metal ion inclusion and subsequent processing was used to create iron oxide nanodots array. The nanodots have uniform size and shape and their placement mimics the original self-assembled nanopatterns. For the first time these precisely defined and size selective systems of ordered nanodots allow careful investigation of magnetic properties in dimensions from 50 nm to 10 nm, which delineate the nanodots are superparamagnetic, well-isolated and size monodispersed. This diameter/spacing controlled iron oxide nanodots systems were demonstrated as a resistant mask over silicon to fabricate densely packed, identical ordered, high aspect ratio silicon nanopillars and nanowire features.

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“…Diblock co‐oligomers with various hydrophobic block lengths ( m PEG 16 ‐ b ‐PS 2 , m PEG 16 ‐ b ‐PS 4 , and m PEG 16 ‐ b ‐PS 6 ) were produced and their self‐assembly studied. While the synthesis and the self‐assembly properties of PEG‐ b ‐PS (and PEO‐ b ‐PS) have been explored,1, 26, 53–62 the study presented here is the first to synthesize and self‐assemble such short chain lengths of m PEG‐ b ‐PS diblock co‐oligomers. The final product, m PEG‐ b ‐PS, has a butyltrithiocarbonate end group at the PS end, and therefore will be presented in the core of the nanostructures resulting from micellization in aqueous media.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic alterations in the RAS/RAF/mitogen‐activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt signaling pathways in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Santarpia

Myers

Sherman

et al. 2010

Cancer

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BACKGROUND:The follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) is the second most common histotype among papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs). Although the prognosis of FVPTC is similar to the conventional phenotype, differential diagnostic difficulties may not be uncommon with other follicular thyroid neoplasms, and little is known about their genetic alterations. Defining these alterations may lead to the identification of diagnostic and biologic markers. METH-ODS: In this study, the authors evaluated genetic alterations and downstream-activated signals of the Ras/Raf-mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (Akt) (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathways in 30 FVPTC tissue specimens. Tumors and matched normal thyroid samples were tested for RAS, for the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene (BRAF) substitution of valine (V) for glutamate (E) at codon 600 (the V600E mutation), for phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), for catalytic PI3k p110 subunit alpha (PIK3CA), for AKT, and for the presence of rearranged during transfection (ret) proto-oncogene/PTC (RET-PTC) and paired box-8 (PAX8)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor c (PPARc) fusion protein (PAX8-PPARc) rearrangements by direct sequencing and reverse transcriptase-polymerases chain reaction analyses, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to assess the effects of these gene abnormalities on the activation of the 2 pathways. RESULTS: Genetic alterations were identified in 70% of FVPTCs. Activation of the MAPK and PI3K pathways was observed in 74% and 22% of tumors, respectively. The alterations that were identified in the genes of the 2 pathways were mutually exclusive. Chromosomal RET-PTC and PAX8-PPARc rearrangements were observed in 20% and 17% of tumors, respectively. It was noteworthy that some FVPTCs with RET-PTC had the coactivation of both pathways. CONCLUSIONS: RET-PTC and PAX8-PPARc rearrangements and mutations of the neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog N-RAS at codon 61 were the most common genetic alterations in FVPTCs. Activation of the MAPK pathway was a frequent event in FVPTCs, and the PI3K signaling pathway could be coactivated in RET-PTC tumors. These findings may have important therapeutic implication in patients with FVPTC. Cancer 2010;116:2974-83.

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Characterization of polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer and investigation of its micellization behavior in water

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Poly(styrene/pentafluorostyrene)‐block‐poly(vinyl alcohol/vinylpyrrolidone) amphiphilic block copolymers for kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors: Synthesis, micellization behavior, and methane hydrate kinetic inhibition

Poly(styrene/pentafluorostyrene)‐block‐poly(vinyl alcohol/vinylpyrrolidone) amphiphilic block copolymers for kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors: Synthesis, micellization behavior, and methane hydrate kinetic inhibition

Size and space controlled hexagonal arrays of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanodots: magnetic studies and application

Genetic alterations in the RAS/RAF/mitogen‐activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt signaling pathways in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma

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