Characterization of stainless steel pickling bath sludge and its solidification/stabilization

Singhal, Anupam; Tewari, V.K.; Prakash, S.

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.02.003

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…4 were the oxides with compact structures, which were difficult to dissolve in most acids [36]. MnCr 2 O 4 , NiCr 2 O 4 , and FeCr 2 O 4 were the oxides with spinel structures, which were insoluble in the solutions of HNO 3 -HF [37]. As seen in tables 2 and 3, after pickling with higher and lower weight loss rates, the remaining oxides did not show clear changes in their composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF

Peng¹,

Yang²,

Li³

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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The pickling behaviour of 2205 DSS hot-rolled strips after annealing and sand blasting was studied in the mixed solutions of HNO 3 -HF using weight loss rate, surface analysis, corrosion potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The pickling rate decreased as the concentration of HNO 3 increased in the mixed solutions of x HNO 3 +25 g l −1 HF (x=40∼200 g l −1 ) at 50°C due to passivation. The passivating effect of HNO 3 became weak as its concentration was less than 80 g l −1 . The pickling rate increased noticeably when the concentration of HF in the mixed solutions of 120 g l −1 HNO 3 +y HF (y=5∼80 g l −1 ) at 50°C was increased. The dissolution of the metal under the oxide scale may have changed from the passive state to the active state as the HF concentration was higher than 25 g l −1 . The pickling dissolution accelerated noticeably as the temperature rose from 40 to 60°C. With the optimised pickling process, 2205 DSS hot-rolled strips can be pickled industrially with good efficiency and surface topography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF

Peng¹,

Yang²,

Li³

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…Therefore, a secondary space is not needed in the house to do the washing. Bathroom sizes, water heating devices in the bathrooms and the characteristics of other equipment are all important in the use of bathroom area (Henning, 1977;Singhal et al, 2008).…”

Section: Bathroomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the hygienic situation of kitchens, bathrooms and toilets in the traditional residential architecture

Akat¹,

Bayer²,

SOFUOžLU³

2012

Sci. Res. Essays

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This study investigated the hygiene state of kitchens, bathrooms and toilets and how they are used in the traditional houses (their characteristics, the changes in their uses and the extent of these changes). The study also attempted to find the principles and criterions on which the arrangements that are the products of accumulated experiences were based in the spaces or systems. Furthermore, the study investigated how and at what level the new equipment that the new age presents are reflected in the traditional house. The dimensional, positional, directional, constructional, equipment and material characteristics of these elements were investigated in accordance with the knowledge, theories and principles of architecture and instructive data on these were obtained from the traditional houses. The traditional Turkish houses, Greek houses and hybrid houses in the city of Trabzon, Turkey, were chosen as the sample of the study.

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“…The negative environmental effects of these disposing methods have gradually been reflected in water safety and health issues caused by the heavy metal pollution [5]. Thus, alternative options need to be explored to solve the PS handling in a more environmentally friendly manner [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stainless steel pickling has been classified as an environmental hazard due to the potential hazardous nature of its sludge, which often contains substantial amounts of Cr and Ni [1]. The leaching concentration of some heavy metals in the pickling sludge (PS) is relatively high [2], making disposal an urgent issue from the environmental and social standpoints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment method of hazardous pickling sludge by reusing as glass–ceramics nucleation agent

et al. 2015

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Heavy metal containing pickling sludge (PS) is one of the by-products of the stainless-steel-making industry, which has been considered hazardous due to contained chromium and nickel. Traditional methods of PS disposing are landfill and cement solidification. This research is aimed at disposing PS by solidification/stabilization and reusing it as a nucleation agent of glass-ceramics. The crystallization behavior and the properties of a glass in the CaO-MgO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 system were studied by considering PS as the nucleation agent. Experimental results confirm that introducing 14 wt% PS as the nucleation agent of glass-ceramics can decrease crystallization temperature by 110.8°C, refine the grain size by forming isometric crystals with size of 2 lm, enhance Vickers hardness by 2690 MPa and decrease water absorption from (1.21 ± 0.10) wt% to (0.04 ± 0.01) wt%. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that PS can be utilized as a nucleation agent to improve the crystallization and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics. The testing results of US EPA toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) confirm the safety of this reusing method.

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Characterization of stainless steel pickling bath sludge and its solidification/stabilization

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF

Investigation of the hygienic situation of kitchens, bathrooms and toilets in the traditional residential architecture

Treatment method of hazardous pickling sludge by reusing as glass–ceramics nucleation agent

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Characterization of stainless steel pickling bath sludge and its solidification/stabilization

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO3-HF

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO3-HF

Investigation of the hygienic situation of kitchens, bathrooms and toilets in the traditional residential architecture

Treatment method of hazardous pickling sludge by reusing as glass–ceramics nucleation agent

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF

Pickling behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel hot-rolled strips in mixed solutions of HNO₃-HF