Characterization of the size-distribution of aerosols and particle-bound content of oxygenated PAHs, PAHs, and n-alkanes in urban environments in Afghanistan

n-Alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in total suspended particulates from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Concentrations, seasonal variations, and sources

“…For comparison, the ∑n-alkanes at Beijing were 163.0 ± 193.5 ng m −3 in PM 2.5 (Huang et al, 2006); at Baoji they were 449 ng m −3 in spring and 1733 ng m −3 in winter in PM 10 samples (Xie et al, 2009); at Guangzhou they were 141 to 392 ng m −3 in PM 10 (Bi et al, 2002); at Hong Kong they averaged 23.5 ng m −3 in PM 2.5 (Zheng et al, 2000); at Algier city, Algeria they were 14.3 to 142 ng m −3 from May to September PM 10 (Yassaa et al, 2001). On the other hand, the observed ∑n-alkanes at Lulang were comparable with those reported for some remote areas, such a forest in Finland (7-95 ng m −3 ) (Rissanen et al, 2006) or Umeå, Sweden (8.2 ng m −3 in PM 2.5 , (Wingfors et al, 2011)). The summary of the results from this study and other remote area is listed in Table 3.…”

Characterization of parent and oxygenated-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Xi’an, China during heating period: An investigation of spatial distribution and transformation

“…The concentrations were comparable with the data recorded in Xi'an, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Qingdao (Feng et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2008;Guo et al, 2009;Wei et al, 2015a), but much higher than other areas being governed by better emission control (e.g., Hong Kong) or less influenced by local or regional pollution such as Sanya and Tibetan Plateau (Chen et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015a). The average level was also higher than that in most developing countries (Tham et al, 2008;Andreou and Rapsomanikis, 2009;Li et al, 2009;Wingfors et al, 2011).…”

“…Residential in rural can be greatly influenced by biomass burning related activities such as cooking and house warming, especially in cold climate seasons (Ding et al, 2012). The levels in this study were comparable with those measured in industrial regions in northern China and Kabul, Afghanistan (Wingfors et al, 2011;, but much higher than many cities in foreign countries, such as Chiang Mai, Sao Paulo, Umea, Paris, and Athens (Andreou and Rapsomanikis, 2009;Wingfors et al, 2011;Ringuet et al, 2012;Souza et al, 2014;Walgraeve et al, 2015). [u] Means urban areas.…”

Novel Decomposition Scheme for Characterizing Urban Air Quality with MODIS

“…For instance, we inferred domination of primary fine mode aerosol at Kabul based on its high offset (∼65) and positive slope (∼0.03) of G value. This inference is similar to [55], who collected samples at urban locations in Kabul but unlike that realized by [56], who used two weeks of data monitored at military camps). For Baghdad, high R and G values point to a presence of mineral dust and fine aerosols.…”