Characterization, sintering and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline barium titanate synthesized through a modified combustion process

Cold Sintering Process: A Novel Technique for Low‐Temperature Ceramic Processing of Ferroelectrics

“…The Gibbs free energy alteration in the "dissolution-precipitation" process depends on surface area, and interfacial energy, which is assumed to be independent of particle size. [69][70][71][72][73] After annealing the corresponding ceramics cold sintered at each time interval, another densification curve is obtained and has been found to exhibit a similar tendency with the cold sintered one. 59 Therefore, in order to successfully apply the Cold Sintering Process to BaTiO 3 , the following considerations are specifically adopted in our study 39 : (1) instead of coarse particles, nanoparticles which display a high quality with wellcrystallized surfaces are utilized as starting raw powders, (Fig.…”

The effect of firing temperatures on phase formation, microstructure and dielectric properties of Bi0.5(Na0.74K0.16Li0.10)0.5TiO3 ceramics synthesized via the combustion route

“…The calcining condition of 750 1C for 2 h, which produced the pure BNKLT1610 perovskite phase in this work was lower than that of the solid state reaction technique by 100 1C for 1 h [4]. This can be attributed to the energy released from the decomposition reaction of fuel which accelerated the chemical reaction of the raw materials [20,21]. The percentage of the perovskite phase was determined by measuring the major XRD peak intensities which were calculated and are listed in Table 1.…”

Influence of BTO phase on structural, magnetic and electrical properties of LCMO

“…The band around 600 cm −1 corresponds to the stretching mode, which involves the internal motion of a change in length of the Mn O Mn or Mn O bond. The band around 420 cm −1 is due to the bending mode, which is sensitive to Mn O Mn bond angle [24]. The IR spectrum of BTO powder shows two absorption bands with the center positions at ∼520 and ∼418 cm −1 .…”