Characterizations of Chondrocyte Attachment and Proliferation on Electrospun Biodegradable Scaffolds of PLLA and PBSA for Use in Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Abstract

The influence of physical characteristics of electrospun three-dimensional (3D) fibrous scaffolds based on polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (PBSA) and poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) on the culture of primary human chondrocytes (PHCs) in terms of cell attachment, proliferation, and re-differentiation was investigated. Physical characteristics assessed for two polymers electrospun at two different delivery rates (PBSA-3, PBSA-16, PLLA-3, and PLLA-16) including average fiber diameter, average pore diameter, porosity, and contact angle. Results demonstrated that 3D fibrous scaffolds are better for PHCs' attachment than two-dimensional (2D) casting films made of the same polymeric materials. It was also found that 3D fibrous scaffolds are appropriate architecture for the proliferation of PHCs than 2D casting films and dependent upon the polymer used. Histological analysis revealed that a significant amount of PHC was found to be growing only within layers of PLLA fibrous scaffolds. The mitochondrial ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of both aggrecan and type II collagen by PHCs cultured in tissue culture polystyrene for 28 days decreased significantly. The mRNA expression of both aggrecan and type II collagen by PHCs cultured in PBSA scaffolds increased from 14 to 28 days, whereas only mRNA expression of aggrecan cultured in both PLLA scaffolds increased from 14 to 28 days.

The effects of lactate and acid on articular chondrocytes function: Implications for polymeric cartilage scaffold design

“…Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) [2][3][4]and poly-L-lactate acid (PLLA) [5][6][7], also known as poly-lactic acid (PLA), are two polymers widely utilized as scaffolds in cartilage tissue engineering. L-lactic acid (hereafter referred to as lactic acid) is a common substrate for synthesis of these polymers [8], and is also the principal degradation product of these polymers [9].…”

The effect of the combination of TGF-β1 and BMP2 with high-density pellet cell culture during chondrogenic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.

“…Another advantage of using the 3D environment is maintaining a stable phenotype of differentiated chondrocytes [29,38,39]. It was shown already that one of the causes of the autologous chondrocytes implantation (ACI) failure is related to in vitro expansion of chondrocytes, where dedifferentiation process occurs leading to the formation of fibrocartilage and hypertrophic chondrocytes representing adverse biomechanical properties than naive hyaline cartilage [40][41][42].…”

“…Michał S. Lach, Wiktoria M. Suchorska / Zeszyty Naukowe WCO, Letters in Oncology Science 2020;17(1):[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] …”

In vitro evaluation of PLLA/PBS sponges as a promisingbiodegradable scaffold for neural tissue engineering

“…PLLA is one of the most preferred polyesters in tissue engineering that has been used in many forms such as sponges, fibers, and films (Roether et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2004aYang et al, , 2004bWojasinski et al, 2013;Caldara et al, 2014). PBS has also been used in bone and cartilage tissue engineering with several applications including coating, micropatterning, and electrospinning (Ishioka et al, 2002;Coutinho et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;Wei et al, 2012;Arphavasin et al, 2013). Oudega et al (2001) investigated the effects of PLLA tubular scaffold implantation on spinal cord injury.…”