Charge compensation of head-to-head and tail-to-tail domain walls in barium titanate and its influence on conductivity

Zuo, Yinan; Genenko, Yuri A.; Xu, Bai‐Xiang

doi:10.1063/1.4891259

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…They are sufficient to estimate the structural width to be ~1 nm, but insufficient to judge about the charge compensation and transport mechanisms. The latter are the subject of modelling 23 – 25 . It is expected thus that the conductive width w of charged domain walls is about 10 nm, exceeding the width of neutral walls by roughly one order of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dark conductivity of LN crystals is very low 29 ; at room temperature it is well below 10 −15 (Ω cm) −1 . This corresponds to a very slow (with relaxation times of months or years) migration of numerous ions 35 , so that the electronic compensation of CDWs via the band bending 13 , 23 – 25 looks the most natural on a realistic time scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large and accessible conductivity of charged domain walls in lithium niobate

Werner

Herr

Buse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

111

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Ferroelectric domain walls are interfaces between areas of a material that exhibits different directions of spontaneous polarization. The properties of domain walls can be very different from those of the undisturbed material. Metallic-like conductivity of charged domain walls (CDWs) in nominally insulating ferroelectrics was predicted in 1973 and detected recently. This important effect is still in its infancy: The electric currents are still smaller than expected, the access to the conductivity at CDWs is hampered by contact barriers, and stability is low because of sophisticated domain structures or proximity of the Curie point. Here, we report on large, accessible, and stable conductivity at CDWs in lithium niobate (LN) crystals – a vital material for photonics. Our results mark a breakthrough: Increase of conductivity at CDWs by more than 13 orders of magnitude compared to that of the bulk, access to the effect via ohmic and diode-like contacts, and high stability for temperatures T ≤ 70 °C are demonstrated. A promising and now realistic prospect is to combine CDW functionalities with linear and nonlinear optical phenomena. Our findings allow new generations of adaptive-optical elements, of electrically controlled integrated-optical chips for quantum photonics, and of advanced LN-semiconductor hybrid optoelectronic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large and accessible conductivity of charged domain walls in lithium niobate

Werner

Herr

Buse

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Due to impurities or the aging effect, charges can accumulate at the interface of the layered composite. [51,52] Here, we introduce thin charge interphase layers between FE/RE interfaces in the finite element simulation to investigate the effect of electrical decoupling of layers, viz. Phase-field simulations have shown that space charges can influence the stability of the domain structure.…”

Section: Influence Of Interface Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase‐Field Study of Electromechanical Coupling in Lead‐Free Relaxor/Ferroelectric‐Layered Composites

Wang

Ayrikyan

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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The interface coupling effect of multilayer lead‐free ceramic/ceramic relaxor/ferroelectric composites is studied by finite element–based phase‐field simulations. The macroscopic electromechanical behavior of such composite systems is influenced by both polarization and strain coupling through the electrical and mechanical interaction of connected layers. Separating such interconnected phenomena is difficult experimentally. Here, we direct investigate different coupling effect by introducing soft and charge interphase layers in the serial‐type layer composite model. The large strain response of the composite results from the electric field–induced nonpolar–polar phase transition of the relaxor constituent. A new relaxor phase‐field model is first developed to reproduce this phase transition and parameterized by fitting the measured hysteresis loops. It is then directly compared to the experimental results of the serial‐type composite composed of 0.91Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–0.06BaTiO3–0.03AgNbO3 and 0.93Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–0.07BaTiO3. Results show that the lateral strain coupling in the serial layer contributes considerably to the large signal piezoelectric coefficient d33*. The primary enhancement in d33* is due a reduction in the remanent strain of the ferroelectric layer caused by the lateral mismatch. Moreover, charge interphase layers in the composite can introduce an internal electric field, leading to a weaker large‐signal response compared with the composite with coherent interfaces.

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“…Nevertheless, also nanodomain patterns have been observed by experiments [11]. Domain walls are investigated by experiments and simulations whereas especially 180°domain walls have been examined [12][13][14][15][16]. However, experiments at very low temperatures are difficult to realise and there are no detailed domain wall studies available for rhombohedral barium titante.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%