Chemical Changes Occurring in the Body as a Result of Certain Diseases in Infants and Children

Hartmann, Alexis F.; Darrow, Dan C.; Morton, Marie

doi:10.1172/jci100185

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Sellard's hypothesis received further support when it was discovered that phosphate (Marriott (18) (20) in an excellent study in 1928 also observed low base levels in chronic nephritis. They explained this loss on the basis of (1) the work of Linder (loc.…”

Section: Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum Electrolyte Studies in Normal and Pathological Conditions: Pneumonia, Renal Edema, Cardiac Edema, Uremic and Diabetic Acidosis

Atchley

Benedict²

1930

J. Clin. Invest.

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In the past ten years there has been an increasing interest in the electrolyte structure of the blood. This interest grew from a realization of the impossibility of interpreting isolated changes in single constituents. Methods for partitioning the anions developed with much greater rapidity than did a similar approach to the cations. In 1923 the authors published with Loeb and Palmer a series of studies on the serum acids including a few base partitions. Although the acid determinations were quite consistent, base results were unsatisfactory due to the unreliability of the sodium and potassium methods. With the development of an accurate method for estimating total cations, a more satisfactory understanding of the total electrolyte structure is possible. This method has evolved slowly and in our hands has not been considered reliable prior to the past three years, when our data became sufficiently consistent to report. We have discarded most of our work before that time.Even before an acceptable method for total base appeared, Van Slyke and co-workers filled the only essential remaining gap in anion analysis by determining a formula for base bound to protein. It is now possible, therefore, to arrive at a fairly accurate picture of the total electrolyte distribution in serum. It is proposed in this paper to discuss the results obtained by studies carried out on normals and patients with pneumonia, nephritic acidosis, nephritic edema, and diabetic acidosis. A few observations during diuresis are included. 265

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Section: Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 95%

Serum Electrolyte Studies in Normal and Pathological Conditions: Pneumonia, Renal Edema, Cardiac Edema, Uremic and Diabetic Acidosis

Atchley

Benedict²

1930

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The acidosis associated with renal insufficiency is brought about rather simply, being due almost entirely to the accumulation of such acids as phosphoric and sulphuric, and to the loss of fixed base from the body fluids, because of the impairment of renal function (1). Except in the terminal stages the circulation of the blood is practically normal, as is also apparently the ability on the part of the subject to oxidize and store carbohydrate.…”

Section: Nephritic Acidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

STUDIES IN THE METABOLISM OF SODIUM r-LACTATE. II. RESPONSE OF HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH ACIDOSIS TO THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF SODIUM r-LACTATE

Hartmann¹,

Senn²

1932

J. Clin. Invest.

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In the first paper of this series it has been demonstrated that sodium r-lactate is completely metabolized within a period of from one to two hours by normal individuals when given in a dose of 7 cc. of molar solution per kilogram over a period of one-half hour. The utilization of the racemic mixtute of lactate probably involves the oxidation of a fraction of the lactate radicle and the conversion into glycogen of the remainder, as well as the liberation of the sodium ion, which then is excessive in the body fluids and is excreted into the urine.In the present study the effect of intravenous sodium lactate upon the carbon dioxide content of the blood in patients with acidosis was investigated. For the sake of convenience, the cases have been divided into three groups: (1) those with acidosis secondary to renal insufficiency, (2) those with acidosis associated with diarrhea, dehydration and oliguria, and (3) those associated with diabetes mellitus.

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“…Diminished urinary excretion of nitrogen and the resulting azotemia are ordinarily used to measure renal insufficiency with the inherent assumption that renal insufficiency produces nitrogen retention primarily. Hartmann and Darrow (1928) suggest, however, that even in nephritis urea may be retained, not primarily because of reduction in the power of the kidneys to excrete urea but secondarily to compensate for the low osmotic pressure of the body fluids resulting from loss of electrolytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on Sodium Chloride Restriction and Urea Clearance in Renal Insufficiency 1

Landis¹,

Elsom²,

Bott³

et al. 1935

J. Clin. Invest.

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Chemical Changes Occurring in the Body as a Result of Certain Diseases in Infants and Children

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Serum Electrolyte Studies in Normal and Pathological Conditions: Pneumonia, Renal Edema, Cardiac Edema, Uremic and Diabetic Acidosis

Serum Electrolyte Studies in Normal and Pathological Conditions: Pneumonia, Renal Edema, Cardiac Edema, Uremic and Diabetic Acidosis

STUDIES IN THE METABOLISM OF SODIUM r-LACTATE. II. RESPONSE OF HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH ACIDOSIS TO THE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF SODIUM r-LACTATE

Observations on Sodium Chloride Restriction and Urea Clearance in Renal Insufficiency 1

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