Chemical characterization by GC-MS and in vitro activity against Candida albicans of volatile fractions prepared from Artemisia dracunculus, Artemisia abrotanum, Artemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris

Abstract

BackgroundA large number of essential oils is reported to have significant activity against Candida albicans. But the different chemical composition influences the degree of their activity. The intention of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and the activity against Candida albicans of volatile oils obtained from Artemisia dracunculus, A. abrotanum, A. absinthium and A. vulgaris (Asteraceae). The aim of the study was to identify new chemical compounds that have effect against C. albicans.The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation or extraction with dichloromethane (a new procedure we developed trying to obtain better, more separated compounds) from air dried above ground plant material and analyzed by GC-MS. Additionally commercial essential oils from the same species were tested. The Candida albicans inhibition studies were carried out by the paper disc diffusion method.ResultsThe essential oils shared common components but presented differences in composition and showed variable antifungal activity. Davanone and derivatives thereof, compounds with silphiperfolane skeleton, estragole, davanone oil, β-thujone, sabinyl acetate, herniarin, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, 1,8-cineol, and terpineol were the main components of Artemisia volatiles.ConclusionsAmong the volatile fractions tested those from A. abrotanum containing davanone or silphiperfolane derivatives showed the highest antifungal activity. The in vitro tests revealed that the Artemisia oils are promising candidates for further research to develop novel anti-candida drugs.

The Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Essential Oil Extracted From the Aerial Parts of Southernwood Herb (Artemisia Abrotanum L.) That Recently Grown in Iraq

“…These findings could be explained the results for A. abrotanum in Table 1 of our work, although there are limited studies available, the plant was also showed antimicrobial activity against both types of bacteria, in which is compatible with the previous studies [11,12], could be due to that it contains borneol, cymene, camphor, terpineol, and eucalyptol that have antibacterial activity.…”

EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IRAQI ARTEMISIA DRACUNCULUS DRIED AERIAL PARTS EXTRACT THOUGH HPLC AND GC-MS ANALYSIS WITH EVALUATION OF ITS ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY AGAINST 7, 12-DIMETHYLBENZE (a) ANTHRACENE INDUCED SKIN CANCER IN MICE

“…Mass spectra were taken at 70 ev; a scan interval of 0.5 s and fragments from 40 to 440 Da. Total GC running time is 30 min [17,18].…”

The Artemisia Genus: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties and Germplasm Conservation

“…Extensive analysis of the phytochemistry of the genus Artemisia has led to the identification of various biochemically active secondary metabolites including essential oils, flavonoids, terpenes, esters, and fatty acids. Efficacy trials of these bioactive compounds shall lead to the development of novel herbal drugs for betterment of human health [8].…”

“…Artemisia is a widespread genus which encompasses more than 400 species (~474) and is revered as 'Worm wood' , 'Mug word' , 'Sagebrush' or 'Tarragon' [8,9].This genus belongs to the family Asteraceae, sometimes recognized as 'compositae family' , 'sunflower family' , 'thistle family' or 'daisy family' . The word ' Artemisia' comes from the ancient Greek word: ' Artemis'=The Goddess (the Greek Queen Artemisia) and 'absinthium'=Unenjoyable or without sweetness.…”

“…which are reported to possess various biological activities including, antibacterial [11]. Anti-fungal [8] anti-viral [12] anti-malarial [13] antiinflammatory [14] anti-cancer [15] anti-tumor [16] anti98 helminthic [12] anti-diabetic [17][18][19] anti-spasmodic [14], hepatoprotective [20] anti-pyretic [21] anti-parasitic 5 [22] anti-oxidant [15,20,23,24] antifertility [17] acaricidal [25] anti-rheumatic [26] anti-hypertensive [27,28] trypanocidal, trichomonacidal [29] wormicidal [30] emmenagogue, diuretic, abortive [31] anti-arthritis [32] immunomodulatory [33] neuroprotective [34] menopause, premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [35]. Antiulcerogenic [36] analgesic (Saxena, 2015), bile stimulant [26] antinociceptive [37] anti-plasmodial [38] anti-venom [39] anti-coccidal [40] anti-leishmanial [41,42] anti-hyperlipidemic [43,44] anti-epileptic and anti-convulsant [45] anti-cholesterolemic, cholagogue, diuret...…”