Chemical constituents and bioactivities of <i>Panax ginseng</i> (C. A. Mey.)

Absorption and pharmacokinetic study of two sulphated triterpenoid saponins in rat after oral and intravenous administration of saponin extracts of Pearsonothuria graeffei by HPLC-MS

“…Ginsenosides can be divided into protopanaxadiol type and protopanaxatriol type according to the positioning of sugar moieties at carbon-3 and -6. Ginsenosides differ from one another by sugar type and number (Attele, Wu, & Yuan, 1999;Christensen, 2009;Nakamura, Sugimoto, Matsuda, & Yoshikawa, 2007;Ru et al, 2015). Owing to these differences, it was necessary to investigate the typical digestion and absorption characteristics of sea cucumber saponins.…”

Ascorbyl palmitate/d-&alpha;-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate monoester mixed micelles for prolonged circulation and targeted delivery of compound K for antilung cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo

“…2,3 Compound K (CK) is one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides that exhibits maximal antitumor effect. 4,5 However, its low water solubility, poor permeability, and significant P-gp efflux restrict its application.…”

Alternative Medicine for Hair Loss

“…It is divided into three categories: fresh ginseng, red ginseng, and white ginseng [67,68]. Red ginseng is extracted from the steamed root of Panax ginseng C.A.…”

“…Red ginseng is extracted from the steamed root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, or known as Korean ginseng, and has various effects such as antiaging, antidiabetic, immunoregulatory, anticancer, neuroregulation, lipid-regulating and antithrombotic activities, and wound-and ulcer-healing activity [68,69]. In addition to these properties, it has also been used for treating numerous hair diseases such as AGA and AA due to its promoting hair growth activity [70,71].…”

“…In addition to these properties, it has also been used for treating numerous hair diseases such as AGA and AA due to its promoting hair growth activity [70,71]. There are very important chemical constitutes such as polysaccharides, ginsenosides (or known as saphonins), alkaloids, glucosides, and phenolic acid in ginseng [68]. Ginsenosides are the major pharmacologically active ingredients of ginseng.…”